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Quiz about Three Down For Uruguay I  History
Quiz about Three Down For Uruguay I  History

Three Down For Uruguay: I - History Quiz

A Brief Introduction to Uruguayan History

Uruguay is a small country wedged between Brazil and Argentina. Affiliated with both at one time or another in its history, Uruguay has emerged as a modern thriving, country. This quiz is a brief introduction to a proud country's history.

by 1nn1. Estimated time: 4 mins.
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Author
1nn1
Time
4 mins
Type
Quiz #
415,514
Updated
Feb 19 24
# Qns
20
Difficulty
Average
Avg Score
13 / 20
Plays
136
The were the only inhabitants of Uruguay before European colonisation. They had been driven southward by the of Paraguay. The were the first to arrive in 1512, but it was the who made a settlement near what is now the capital in 1516, and claimed it for the crown. In 1669, the Portuguese built a fort further west at , opposite Argentina's Buenos Aires across the Rio de la Plata.

In the early nineteenth century, independence movements emerged in South American countries, including Uruguay, which was known as the Banda Oriental del Rio Uruguay, or "East Bank of the Uruguay River". Brazil and Argentina contested the Uruguayan territory with Brazil, annexing the area in and changing its name to Provincia Cisplatina. The Thirty-Three Orientals (Uruguayans), led by , declared independence from Brazil on 25 August 1825, which was backed by the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata (Argentina). This caused the Cisplatine War. Uruguay emerged from the war as an independent state with its constitution drafted in after the facilitated the Treaty of Montevideo in , which ended the war.

The rest of the 19th century was marked by disruptive interventions by and conflicts with Brazil and Argentina, as well as internal political and economic fluctuations. Despite this, Uruguay attracted large numbers of immigrants, especially Spaniards and .

Modern Uruguay began with the election of as president in 1903. He instituted major political and economic reform: He introduced a welfare program, government intervention in commerce and, importantly, a plural executive. Notable Uruguayan events that occurred in this period included winning Soccer's World Cup in 1930 and , remaining neutral during WWII and becoming a founding member of the United Nations in .

President declared a state of emergency in 1968 when further instability occurred as a new constitution was adopted in 1967, and economic and political turmoil ensued. Democracy was restored in after the army closed the Congress forcibly and established a civilian-military regime in .

In 2004 Uruguayans elected a left-wing government for the first time, and despite a predominantly Roman Catholic population (Uruguay was officially secular), many social reforms were implemented: In Uruguay was the first country to legalise cannabis, with abortion and same-sex marriage legalised in .
Your Options
[Juan Antonio Lavalleja] [1984] [Jorge Pacheco] [1950] [Guarani Indians] [Italians] [Jose Batlle y Ordonez] [Colonia del Sacramento] [2013] [1821] [1973] [Montevideo] [1830] [Spanish] [1828] [Portuguese] [2012] [1945] [Charrua Indians] [British]

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Most Recent Scores
Oct 13 2024 : piet: 20/20
Oct 07 2024 : Strike121: 0/20

Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
Answer:

It is not a coincidence that Uruguay is a small country wedged between the fifth and the eighth-largest countries in the world. Both Brazil and Argentina have 'annexed' Uruguay as a province or state of its own country in the past. It was due to some particularly strong leadership (and perhaps the British, with the treaty of Montevideo brandished like an olive branch) that Uruguay emerged as an independent country.

Initially rejected by both Spain and Portugal because of its absence of gold and silver, and by fierce resistance to conquest by the Charrua Indians, settlement was limited. The introduction of cattle during the 17th century was a kick-start to wealth, and even today in 21st-century Uruguay, beef is still an important component of its economy, and indeed, part of its cultural identity.

Fray Bentos is a worldwide household name. However, the name is not just a Uruguayan brand name but it also refers to the Uruguayan city 310 km upstream from Montevideo on the Uruguay River. This is an important port and it housed a meat packing plant that employed over 500 people in its prime, mostly immigrants attracted to Uruguay's mild climate and employment opportunities.

The political scene in Uruguay upon independence was split between two parties: the conservative Blancos (Whites), representing the agricultural interests, and the liberal Colorados (Reds), representing the business interests centered in Montevideo. Uruguay has a 'strong presidential' republic model, where the president is the head of government and has considerable power. At times there has been an elected president who has been from a different party than the largest party in Uruguay's General Assembly.

In 1971, a third party emerged the Broad Front, which initially was a coalition of 15 fractured left-leaning parties. In the quarter century between 1999 and 2024, it has been the largest party in Uruguay's General Assembly. On more than one occasion the Blancos and the Colorados have formed a coalition to rule over the General Assembly, but the president from 2005-2020 was from the Broad Front.

In the third decade of the 21st century, Uruguay has emerged as a leader in several fields: it has been the most peaceful country in South America for most of the first quarter of the 21st century, and is the only country in South America to be ranked amongst the 50 most peaceful countries worldwide. The country is prosperous as the economy has been engineered towards an export-oriented agricultural sector, centered on beef, and a well-educated workforce, along with high levels of funds directed towards social welfare. Uruguay had the highest average household income in South America.
Source: Author 1nn1

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