Heart Conditions Trivia

1. What is the correct term for a heart attack?

From Quiz Sheer Heart Attack

Answer: Myocardial Infarction

A heart attack is when there is a sudden, complete blockage of an artery which supplies blood to your heart and can have many causes. Coronary occlusion (especially if complete) is the usual cause of a heart attack and is in turn often caused by coronary thrombosis.

From Quiz Common Diseases of the Heart

Answer: congestive heart failure

Congestive heart failure frequently leads to pulmonary edema. The heart is no longer able to pump blood as efficiently through the body and through the lungs, so fluid builds up in the interstitium, or the area between blood vessels.

From Quiz Congestive Heart Failure

Answer: the heart to pump sufficient blood to the body

The normal heart pumps over 50% of the blood in each heart beat. A heart affected with CHF pumps less then 40% of the available blood. As a result, blood may back up in the heart and the lungs. There is insufficient blood pumped to keep all the body's systems functioning adequately. Often, other systems try to get the heart either to pump more or to beat faster. One negative result of the condition (among many) is that the heart may enlarge from the effort to pump sufficient blood. Also, edema (swelling in the extremities--hand, feet or ankles), shortness of breath, and lightheadedness, may develop as a result of the insufficient blood circulation.

From Quiz Am I Having A Heart Attack?

Answer: Crushing pain in the centre of the chest

A typical presentation of a heart attack involves either a dull ache or a pain that is of a crushing nature in the centre of the chest. Despite what many people think, our hearts are located in almost the centre of the chest, behind the sternum or the breastbone. The heart does lie more to the left of the midline than the right, as it lies obliquely in the area known as the mediastinum. Burning pain in the centre of the chest is usually associated with heartburn, also known as indigestion.

From Quiz Common Diseases of the Heart

Answer: bacterial endocarditis

Bacterial endocarditis can be very damaging to a heart valve. People that are predisposed to bacterial endocarditis must often use prophylactic antibiotics before many dental and surgical procedures. (I made up interstitial carditis by the way- haha!)

From Quiz Congestive Heart Failure

Answer: warm hands

These symptoms vary, depending upon which area of the heart is weakened. They also vary according to the overall health of the patient and the length of time that a person has had the disease. In the early stages, there may be no symptoms at all; later on, symptoms vary from an inability to walk 100 feet without shortness of breath to severe mental confusion due to lack of oxygen in the brain.

From Quiz Common Diseases of the Heart

Answer: pulmonary hypertension

As blood vessels become increasing constricted, the volume of blood that is able to move through them is reduced. Thus, the heart must work harder to force the blood through the abnormally narrow vessels. This causes thickening and enlargement of the right ventricle, also called right ventricular hypertrophy.

From Quiz Congestive Heart Failure

Answer: poliomyelitis

Generally, the causes of CHF stem from a previous coronary event or develop from years of arteriosclerosis. Some of the diagnostic tests for CHF include nuclear cardiology, radiography, echocardiography and cardiac catheterization.

From Quiz Grab Your Stethoscope! It's Time for Heart Sounds!

Answer: Normal heart sound

When an S3 or S4 sound is heard in a child, it is likely innocent.

From Quiz Common Diseases of the Heart

Answer: coarctation of the aorta

The descending aorta becomes severely constricted thus decreasing circulation to the extremities. The heart must also work harder to pump the blood through the narrow portion of the vessel, thus causing elevated blood pressure in the upper body. People with coarctation of the aorta are also prone to aneurysms.

From Quiz Congestive Heart Failure

Answer: teaspoon of salt

The USA Food and Drug Administration minimum sodium requirement is 1,500 milligrams of sodium daily and a daily maximum of 2,300 mg. daily. The average intake is considerably higher than these recommendations due to the consumption of fast foods, processed, frozen and canned foods. Some studies have pointed out that some breakfasts in restaurants can lead to a sodium consumption of 5,000-6,000 mg. A teaspoon of sodium is about 2400 mg. One of the best preventative methods against CHF is to become sodium aware. Additional salt in your body requires your heart to work harder to pump it out.

From Quiz Common Diseases of the Heart

Answer: ischemic cardiomyopathy

Ischemic cardiomyopathy is usually caused by coronary heart disease.

From Quiz Common Diseases of the Heart

Answer: atrial fibrillation

Atrial fibrillation will cause fluttering feelings in the chest, exertional dyspnea, dizziness, and occasionally blood clots.

From Quiz Congestive Heart Failure

Answer: ejection fraction

Normally, a heart will have about 50 to 68 percent ejection fraction. A weakened heart will have an ejection fraction of less than 40 percent. Usually this term is referring to the pumping ability of the left ventricle of the heart. It is a percentage which can be determined in various ways. The lower percentage reveals a substantially weakened heart.

From Quiz Common Diseases of the Heart

Answer: Tetralogy of Fallot

Tetralogy of Fallot is rapidly fatal if left untreated. It is actually a lethal combination of four congenital defects. Infants look severly cyanotic (blue) because of systemic hypoxia (lack of oxygen) thus, T of F was nicknamed blue baby syndrome.

From Quiz Congestive Heart Failure

Answer: atherosclerosis

We can all make changes to reduce the likelihood of getting atherosclerosis. Atherosclerosis refers to the building up and hardening of fats within an artery anywhere in the body, but is particularly dangerous when it occurs in the coronary arteries. Long-term care of food and salt consumed will make a change in heart health. Remaining active and reducing stress play an important role in keeping the arteries clear as well.

From Quiz Grab Your Stethoscope! It's Time for Heart Sounds!

Answer: Mitral stenosis

These findings are common for mitral stenosis. The opening snap is due to the opening of the hardened mitral valve cusps. The murmur is due to blood flowing across a stenotic mitral valve during diastole.

From Quiz Common Diseases of the Heart

Answer: aortic valve stenosis

Stenosis or narrowing of the aortic valve will lead to an increased workload on the left ventricle. Over time, the cells of the left ventricle become larger and thicker due to higher demands placed on them - this is what's known as left ventricular hypertrophy.

From Quiz Congestive Heart Failure

Answer: shortness of breath and fatigue

People have described the heart as looking like an upside down pear. The heart has two ventricles and two atria. The two ventricles join at the bottom of the heart. People actually feel the left ventricle pumping. Overall, the 'normal' heart seems to weigh about 11 ounces and is about the size of a clenched fist.

From Quiz Congestive Heart Failure

Answer: orthopnea

"Ortho" is from the Greek and means "straight"; "pnea" or "pnoia" refers to breath. Orthopnea is relieved when standing or sitting upright. Platypnea is a shortness of breath which is relieved by lying down. Apnea refers to a stopping of breathing. Epistaxis is a nosebleed.

From Quiz Congestive Heart Failure

Answer: pulmonary edema

Pulmonary edema may be treated immediately with oxygen. Also, a course of diuretics may help remove excess fluids. Most often, a single instance of pulmonary edema may be reversed. The important goal is to determine and treat the cause of the problem. There seems to be some progress in reducing heart attacks. More and more, one reads about the negative effects of the fast food diet. Cardiologists and internists are devoting considerable attention to diet modification.

From Quiz Congestive Heart Failure

Answer: cardiac transplantation

Transplantation has advanced a lot since the time of Barney Clark, who in 1982 received first Jarvik 7 artificial heart. A patient now has to be healthy enough to receive a transplant and lucky enough to "find" a compatible heart relatively quickly. There are two new treatments prior to transplantation: what is called IABP (or an intra-aortic balloon pump), which goes in the aorta, or a LVAD (or left ventricular assist device). The LVAD actually pumps blood from the heart into the aorta. Its primary use is for those waiting for a heart transplant.

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Last Updated Oct 26 2024 5:51 AM

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