US History Finals Review 2 (1800s) Quiz

Answer: opposed the creation of new colonies in Latin America

Like a roaring baby lion, the fledgeling USA proclaimed through the Monroe Doctrine that North America and anything remotely close was "American".

Answer: proximity to water borne means of transportation

Through rivers, canals (man made rivers) ports and harbours, industry could ship large goods to important ports in North America and Europe. Before the construction of long-distance railroads, overland transportation by any other means (such as road) was very expensive - or, in the case of remote places, often impossible.

Answer: encourage settlement west of the Mississippi

Would America accomplish Manifest Destiny (the belief that it was America's *destiny* to spread across North America to the Pacific Ocean) if American citizens did not move west? Nope! Impossible!

Answer: by passing Black Codes

Sometimes the study of American History can raise your blood pressure! Black Codes were laws that restricted the basic human rights and civil liberties of Blacks. For instance, African Americans in some areas had to pass a written test to vote. Remember during slavery few blacks were taught to read and write.

Many of these laws also allowed Whites to vote, even if they didn't pass the written tests, provided that their fathers or grandfathers had had the vote or fought for the Confederacy ("grandfather clauses").

Answer: before the war

Prefix "ante" means "before" (like "pre-"). The opposite of antebellum is postbellum; but just to CONFUSE you more historians call the immediate post Civil War Period "Reconstruction."

Answer: Samuel Slater

Samuel Slater was the father of the American Industrial Revolution. He is responsible for an efficient manufacturing process aided with machinery and about 200,000 lost fingers!

Answer: new production techniques that increased efficiency

Steel was in huge demand in late 1800's America. Railroads were being built, skyscrapers were being erected and machinery was aiding (exploited) workers.

Answer: passage of the Chinese Exclusion Act

Nativists were people who did not want any more immigration to America. Many were racist and aggressive and fought - through law, with their fists and through intimidation.

Answer: improve wages, hours, and working conditions

During the "Gilded Age" (late 1800's) the rich were very rich indeed, and the average American either was unemployed or had a low paying job. Unions gained strength in numbers and engaged in collective bargaining (or striking or threatening to strike) to improve wages, hours, and working conditions for the average worker.

Answer: 1861

The Civil War lasted from 1861-1865.

Answer: by inciting public outrage over conditions in Cuba

Pulitzer and Hearst are often credited for "starting" the Spanish American War. They had the readers of America reading their stories and were very influential in politics. Their stories depicted horrible conditions in Cuba and when the USS Maine exploded and sank (this event later proved to be an accident), they riled up America into war (like the kid who spreads rumors in the school yard).

The power of the "Yellow Press" to whip up mass hysteria was immense.

Answer: ratification of the woman's suffrage amendment

The Seneca Falls Convention was held in a small upstate New York town and drew a crowd of 300 people, including Frederick Douglass, who joined Lucretia Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton. Stanton's "Declaration of Sentiments" would define the meeting and was very influential to future suffragettes.

Answer: to explore the continent and find a route to the Pacific Ocean

Think about it! Google Maps did not exist at the time of Jefferson, nor did cameras! Printed maps of much of the U.S. did not exist either.

Answer: ending of property requirements for voting by many states

People used to have to own property to vote. Now we don't! God bless America.

Answer: they were Roman Catholics

The Irish were victims of nativism and (many) immigrated to America due to famine. It didn't help that their religion was different than the Protestant majority.

Answer: preserve the union

Lincoln famously stated in his first address as president that his top goal was to keep the Union intact.

Answer: keep African Americans from exercising their right to vote

These laws were also known as "Black Codes".

Answer: completion of transcontinental railroads

In the early 1800's, (most of) America's canals were built. In the late 1800's railways were booming!

Answer: ended French control of the Mississippi River

The Mississippi River and its tributaries branch out to most of North America and makes remote areas accessible by boat.

Answer: applying judicial review to state and national laws

John Marshall was the most influential American Justice (judge). His rulings gave power to the National government and weakened the state governments (national supremacy).

Answer: acquiring territory from Mexico in 1848

Manifest Destiny was the belief that it was in America's *destiny* to spread across North America to the Pacific Ocean (west coast). This destiny was realized through purchasing, annexing and conquering.

Answer: protected the property rights of slave owners in the territories

Dred Scott traveled to a non slave state and said that he was then free. The courts disagreed with him. The court decision stated that slaves were not citizens of any state or of the United States. This decision happened in 1857, four years before the start of the Civil War.

Answer: ratify the 14th amendment

The amendment was designed to grant citizenship to and protect the civil liberties of recently freed slaves.

Answer: passage of the Meat Inspection Act

Two words (actually a name)- Upton Sinclair. His book "The Jungle" uncovered all of the filth in the meat packing industry before government regulation.

Answer: prevent large corporations from eliminating their competition

Trusts give big businesses an unfair advantage. The Sherman Antitrust act was partially successful, but more legislation was needed.