3. In the opening scene of "Henry IV, Part II" the Earl of Northumberland learns that his son, Harry Hotspur, has been killed at the Battle of Shrewsbury. What is the family name of Northumberland and Hotspur?
From Quiz King Henry IV, Part II
Answer:
Percy
Both Northumberland and Hotspur are named Henry Percy. (Prince Hal, soon to be Henry V, is called Harry of Monmouth and is the Prince of Wales. The Mortimer family, from the Welsh border, aren't in this play.) The Percys were a powerful family in the north of England from the arrival of William de Percy from France in the retinue of William the Conqueror in 1067.
The distraught father in the play, the first Earl of Northumberland (1341-1408), puns on his son's nickname as he asks, "Said he young Harry Percy's spur was cold? Of Hotspur, Coldspur? That rebellion has met ill luck?" (1.1.48-50). The failure of the rebellion may be Northumberland's fault, since he has faked illness and failed to lead his troops into the battle. (He hides out in Scotland during this play.)
Another Henry Percy, the ninth Earl of Northumberland (called the "Wizard Earl" because of his scientific knowledge), was the head of this wealthy, influential family at the time Shakespeare's plays were written and was considered so dangerous to the crown that James I sent him to the Tower of London for 17 years after a member of the Percy family was involved in the Gunpowder Plot in 1605.