House of Stuart Trivia

1. James Stuart was born at St James's Palace in October 1633, the second surviving son of King Charles I. Three years later, he was appointed to the post of what?

From Quiz The Last Catholic - King James II of England

Answer: Lord High Admiral

The Lord High Admiral was officially the head of the English navy and James was given this title in an honorary capacity at the age of three. At this time, control of the Navy resided in the hands of the Lords Commissioners of the Admiralty, a group of courtiers exercising the powers of the Lord High Admiral. In 1638, the post was substantively awarded to Algernon Percy, Earl of Northumberland.

From Quiz Royal House of Stuart

Answer: Beheaded

Mary was beheaded at Fotheringhay Castle in 1587 on the orders of Elizabeth I. Charles I, was beheaded in 1649. The House of Stuart seems to have been particularly unlucky in this respect.

From Quiz The Love Life of Mary Stuart

Answer: Prince Edward of England

Henry VIII saw an opportunity to create a union between England and Scotland, two warring countries. He proposed that Mary marry his son Edward at age 10, and come to live in England where he could keep an eye on her. The bill was signed, but Scottish Parliament rejected the proposal and renewed their alliance with France, infuriating Henry and leading to more English raids on the border areas.

From Quiz Life of Mary Stuart

Answer: Linlithgow Palace

Mary was born at Linlithgow Palace, the birthplace of her father, James. Mary visited(and lived in) all of the castles listed.

From Quiz William and Mary - the Glorious Revolution

Answer: She burst into tears

Mary was fifteen and William was an unattractive twenty-seven year old. He had a thin, hunched body and a large nose. Mary's sister Anne described him as "Caliban", the mythical Greek ogre. Charles II had arranged the match and despite the reluctance of James II, it went ahead with Mary again in tears. In hindsight, the marriage is now deemed to have been very successful.

From Quiz Queen Anne

Answer: James, Duke of York

James II, who was James, Duke of York at the time, had married Anne Hyde, daughter of the Earl of Clarendon, Charles II's chief minister. Anne was the second and youngest daughter and child of the marriage.

From Quiz The Stuarts in England : V

Answer: 37

And not in the best of health, either - eighteen pregnancies had left her obese, and she was crippled with gout and rheumatism. Nevertheless, she was determined to do her duty, and she made her first appearance before parliament on 11 March 1702. Anne could be forgiven for feeling a certain sense of triumph - she had been born, after all, the mere second daughter of a second son, and now she was queen of three realms - England (including Wales, united with England by Henry VIII), Ireland and Scotland. For years she had never been treated seriously - after all, people found it difficult to take an overweight, tedious, plain princess seriously. Now, however, she had a chance to prove that she could be just as competent a monarch as her sister and brother-in-law had both been.

From Quiz The Stuarts in England : IV

Answer: 51

By the standards of the day, James was quite elderly. Considering the controversy surrounding him, he acceded to the throne easily, his accession going uncontested. His wife, Queen Mary Beatrice, was twenty-six at the time of his accession, still young, but childless. As it was, people fully expected James to reign for a few years (probably not very long - he was not thought to be as strong as Charles II; ironically, he was the longest lived Stuart of his generation) and then be succeeded by his daughter, the Protestant Princess of Orange, who would reign alongside her husband, William. Prior to his brother's death, James had been in the middle of an affair with a woman called Catherine Sedley, and saw no reason to change things. His wife was not unnaturally upset by this, but before long she would be wishing it was her only worry.

From Quiz The Stuarts in England : III

Answer: General George Monck

Richard Cromwell, who didn't have the confidence of the army, was forced out of power in May 1659. The army recalled the 'Rump Parliament' - that is, the members of parliament who had survived the army's purge prior to Charles I's execution. There was an increasing struggle, however, between parliament and the army, and General Monck, commander of the English forces in Scotland, marched south to London to sort things out. He initiated the recall of the Long Parliament - the second parliament Charles I had called in 1640, including the members purged before his execution. Seeing that the tide of turning in his favour, Charles II issued the Declaration of Breda on 4 April 1660, outlining the conditions of his acceptance of the English crown, should it be offered to him. It promised a free pardon to all his enemies, save some who had signed his father's death warrant, and (more importantly) it promised the payment of Monck's soldiers. In England, the Long Parliament voted for its own dissolution and the Convention Parliament, consisting mostly of royalists, was assembled. On receiving the Declaration of Breda, the Convention Parliament declared that Charles II had been King of Britain since his father's execution and proceeded, with great irony, to beg him to return to England to be their king. Charles, of course, didn't need asking twice. With his sister the Princess Royal, his nephew William of Orange and his brothers the dukes of York and Gloucester, Charles travelled triumphantly to the Hague, where the Stuarts were suddenly guests of honour. The Queen of Bohemia, delighted by the turn of events, was given pride of place next to Charles at the various banquets which followed - "he useth me more like a Mother than an Aunt," she reported. The British royal family had suddeny become the most popular people in town. The Queen of Bohemia was visited by, among others, Samuel Pepys, who later wrote that she was 'a very debonair lady'. The Queen was told not to worry about her many debts - the King would see to it that parliament would pay them.

From Quiz House of Stuart

Answer: James I

James I came to the English throne upon the death of the last Tudor Monarch Queen Elizabeth I. He reigned in Scotland as James VI, hence he is sometimes known as "James VI and I".

From Quiz The Stuarts in England : II

Answer: Nottingham, August 1642

Parliament, meanwhile, had raised its own army, which it placed under the command of Robert Devereux, Earl of Essex. This parliamentary faction was supported by the navy, and most big cities. The King, on the other hand, could call on considerable support from rural communities.

From Quiz The Stuarts in England : I

Answer: 9

The first child, a son called Henry Frederick, was born on 19 February 1594, while James was still King of Scotland only. The 'Frederick' in his name was after Anne's father, Frederik II of Denmark. He was followed by a stillborn child in July 1595, then Princess Elizabeth, 'First Daughter of Scotland' was born on 19 August 1596. She was named after Elizabeth Tudor, Queen of England, whom James hoped to succeed as King of England. Elizabeth had consented to be Henry's godmother, and sent a generous gift to his christening, but she was irritated at being asked to be young Elizabeth's godmother too, and only consented with bad grace - she sent no gifts this time. Princess Margaret, the next child, was born on Christmas Eve 1598, but died in March 1600. On 19 November the same year, Prince Charles was born in Dunfermline Palace. A weak, puny child, he was not expected to live long. The rest of the children were Prince Robert, Duke of Kintyre (January-May 1602), stillborn (May 1603), Princess Mary (1605-1607) and Princess Sophia (1606). By the time the younger children were born, their parents were King and Queen of England, James having succeeded the ageing Queen Elizabeth in 1603.

From Quiz Stuart Consorts

Answer: Anne of Denmark

James married Anne of Denmark while he was still James VI of Scotland. Anne gave her husband three children who survived childhood.

From Quiz James I, King Of England

Answer: Lord Darnley

Francois II was Mary Stuart's first husband, he died in 1560. Darnley was her second husband, he was murdered in 1567. Bothwell was her third and last husband. Charles Stuart Earl of Lennox was Darnley's brother.

From Quiz Prince Rupert of the Rhine

Answer: Wittelsbach

Prince Rupert's mother was a Stuart by birth being the sister to King Charles I. She is also known as Elizabeth of Bohemia. Hanover is a later name of the British royal family which also has connections with the family as Prince Rupert's youngest sister Sophie married Ernest Augustus of Hanover and George I was a part of this line of descendants.

From Quiz The Last Catholic - King James II of England

Answer: The Hague

Together with a group of associates, James, then aged just 14, sailed down the River Thames and was picked up by a Dutch vessel that took them to Flushing (Vlissingen) in the Dutch Republic. They landed safely in the Netherlands on 23 April 1648, with a warm welcome from James's brother-in-law, William II of Orange.

From Quiz Royal House of Stuart

Answer: 9

Of these 6 survived to adulthood. This was a better than average proportion in the seventeenth century, due to the high rate of infant mortality. Naturally the Royal family had the best medical care available, sometimes more of a hindrance than help at that time!

From Quiz The Love Life of Mary Stuart

Answer: 1548

As agreed in the Treaty of Haddington, Mary was set to become a French queen. She was sent to France to adjust to the culture of the French court and the country she would eventually be Queen of. Her party included her own court including two illegitimate half-brothers, and the "four Marys". There are different things said about her age when she departed from Scotland. She either was 5 or 6 at the time.

From Quiz Life of Mary Stuart

Answer: December 14, 1542

It was speculated that Mary's father died partly because he was disappointed at having a daughter instead of a son. Mary succeeded her father on his death, six days after she was born. Mary's coronation happened when she was 9 months old on September 9, 1543.

From Quiz Mistresses of Charles II

Answer: Starve

Nell Gwyn is perhaps the only one of Charles' women who actually loved the libertine. Unlike his other mistresses, Nell was not grasping and made no demands. She was his lover from about 1670 until his death and had two sons by him; Charles, Duke of St. Albans, and James. Nell survived the king by only three years.

From Quiz William and Mary - the Glorious Revolution

Answer: Charles I

William III was the grandson of Charles I through his mother, Charles' daughter Mary who married William II of Orange. William III was also the great-grandson of King Henri IV of France through his grandmother, Henrietta Maria, wife of Charles I. Parliament wanted William to be prince consort to his English wife Mary, daughter of the deposed James II, but both William and Mary insisted they rule equally.

From Quiz Queen Anne

Answer: Mary of Modena

James was allegedly drunk when he married Anne Hyde, and it was a loveless marriage. James took advantage of Anne's death to marry a Roman Catholic noble, Mary of Modena, in 1673.

From Quiz The Stuarts in England : V

Answer: English

She continued: 'I can very sincerely assure you that there is not one thing that you can expect or desire of me which I shall not be ready to do for the happiness or prosperity of England.' Although this struck the right note with her English subjects, it scarcely endeared her to her Scottish ones, who hadn't been treated very kindly by the Stuarts, notwithstanding the fact that the Stuarts were a Scottish dynasty. Anne, alas, possessed none of the charm or easy manners that her uncle Charles II or her sister Mary had had, but the court had been eight years without a queen, and Anne was praised for her dignity and sweet speaking voice.

From Quiz The Stuarts in England : IV

Answer: 23 April 1685

It was a magnificent, expensive ceremony, but riddled with ill omens, such as the crown falling off James' head (!) and the royal standard blowing off the White Tower. On 2 June that year, Princess Anne of Denmark (as James' younger daughter had been styled since her marriage) gave birth to a daughter, Lady Mary. But celebrations were cut short when it was learned that the Duke of Monmouth, Charles II's eldest illegitimate son, had landed at Lyme Regis with an army of 4,000 men, claiming that his parents had been married and thus he was King of Britain. His ill-advised rebellion was defeated at the Battle of Sedgemoor on 6 July (the last battle to be fought on English soil between Englishmen). Monmouth, that handsome, foolish young man was beheaded on 15 July, and James seemed secure.

From Quiz The Stuarts in England : III

Answer: The Royal Charles

It had previously been called the 'Naseby' but was hastily re-christened. Charles landed on 23 May, and arrived in London on 29 May, his thirtieth birthday. It was a triumphant and elaborate procession. Before leaving Holland, he had asked the States General to be kind to his sister and her little son. Now that Mary's brother was King of England and Scotland, and not a mere exile, the States were far kinder. People in England were falling over themselves to gain King Charles's favour. Scotland was freed from nine years of English occupation on 23 August, its government returning to Scottish hands. Six days later, parliament passed the act of Indemnity and Oblivion, which pardoned all Cromwell's supporters, excepting those who had actually signed Charles I death warrant. Thirty-one of the fifty-nine people who had signed it were still alive. In the end twelve of them were executed. The bodies of Cromwell, John Bradshaw and Henry Ireton were exhumed and hanged.

From Quiz The Stuarts in England : II

Answer: 22

Rupert was the son of Charles's sister, the widowed Queen of Bohemia, and he had almost been left behind when his parents fled Prague soon after his birth. He had already fought with the Dutch in the Eighy Years' War, and had plenty of military experience. Together with his brother Maurice, he gave his uncle Charles his allegiance when the Civil War broke out. Thanks to Rupert, the royalist cavalry enjoyed early successes. His dashing manner and military prowess earned him the nickname of 'the Robber Prince' or 'the Devil' among the parliamentarians. He brought a large poodle, 'Boy' into battle with him, and some parliamentarians claimed the dog had supernatural powers! The Battle of Edgehill was inconclusive, but it did clear the road to London for Charles. However, he failed to take this opportunity, and by the time he was at Reading, London was once again firmly under Parliament's control.

From Quiz The Royal House of Stewart

Answer: Sir Walter Stewart

Walter was the son of James Stewart, Baron Renfrew and High Steward who had supported William Wallace and was an ally of Robert the Bruce against his rivals, the Comyn family. Walter was a staunch supporter of Robert the Bruce in his struggles against the English and proved to be one of his most able captains, taking part in the famous Battle of Bannockburn. Walter married Marjorie, then Bruce's only child, after her return from captivity in England. The couple had one child, named in honour of his maternal grandfather. Marjorie, however, died in childbirth.

From Quiz The Stuarts

Answer: 1603

In 1603 James VI, King of Scotland, was chosen by Elizabeth I to be her heir. This marked the end of the Tudor dynasty established by the Welsh usurper, Henry Tudor (later Henry VII).

From Quiz Stuart Consorts

Answer: Henrietta of France

Charles I's wife, Henrietta of France, was an ardent Catholic who instilled these values in her younger son James, Duke of York.

From Quiz James I, King Of England

Answer: Earl of Morton

The Earl of Morton was Regent (1572-1581) for most of the 14 years of James' minority (1567-1581).

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