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Quiz about Edgy Grammar And Reason II
Quiz about Edgy Grammar And Reason II

Edgy Grammar And Reason II Trivia Quiz


Back despite popular demand -- a second quiz testing high-level reasoning and language processing from the fetid yet fertile paws of the xaosdog.

A multiple-choice quiz by xaosdog. Estimated time: 23 mins.
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Author
xaosdog
Time
23 mins
Type
Multiple Choice
Quiz #
69,016
Updated
Dec 03 21
# Qns
5
Difficulty
Very Difficult
Avg Score
2 / 5
Plays
11434
Question 1 of 5
1. How many instances of the letter 'F' appear in the following text: 'FIRST AND FOREMOST, THE PHENOMENON IS A RESULT OF THOUSANDS OF TINY PARTICLES INTERACTING WITH THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE APPARATUS.'

Answer: (number)
Question 2 of 5
2. We are next-door neighbors. We each own four fish: I own a male goldfish, a female goldfish, a male loach and a female loach, and you also own a male goldfish, a female goldfish, a male loach and a female loach. We are worried about our fish, so we ask the fish-doctor to come and examine them. He tells me that one of my fish is sick. Then, because you aren't home, he tells me his diagnosis of your fish. When you get home, I tell you (truthfully if annoyingly) the following: 'One of my fish is sick. Your fish are sick if they match my sick fish in EITHER gender or species, but not both gender and species. If a fish is not sick it is healthy. I'm not going to tell you which one of my fish is sick, but I will tell you that YOUR male goldfish is sick.' What can you tell about the health of the rest of your fish? Hint


Question 3 of 5
3. There is a city which hosts two taxi-cab companies, the Blue Cab Co. and the Green Cab Co. Blue cabs are blue and Green cabs are green; they are otherwise identical. 70 percent of the cabs in the city are Blue cabs, and 30 percent of the cabs in the city are Green cabs. Moreover, historically speaking, Blue cabs have been involved in 70% of all traffic accidents in the city that involved cabs, and Green cabs have been involved in 30% of all traffic accidents in the city that involved cabs. One night, there is a traffic accident involving a taxi-cab in the city, to which there is one witness. Authorities perform extensive tests on the witness, and determine that his ability to recognize cabs by their color at night is approximately 80 percent accurate and 20 percent inaccurate (meaning that when he is wrong he does not say he doesn't know, but rather misidentifies it as being of the other color). The witness says the taxi-cab involved in the accident was 'blue.' On these facts, and strictly assuming the taxi-cab was not from some other city, what is the approximate probability that the taxi-cab involved in the accident belonged to the Blue Cab Co.? Hint


Question 4 of 5
4. You agree to play a game. The dealer will deal out three cards face down. You know in advance that the three cards are an Ace and two Deuces. You will win an erotic massage from your choice of either Jennifer Lopez or Brad Pitt if you end up with the Ace, and nothing if you end up with a Deuce. First, you will select one of the three face-down cards, but you will not be permitted to look at its front-side. Then, the dealer will look at the front-sides of the two unselected cards, and will turn one Deuce face-up, leaving two face-down cards, one selected by you and one not selected by you. Finally, you will be given the opportunity, at your option, either to keep your original card or to switch it with the dealer's remaining face-down card. When the moment comes, which should you do (hint: for purposes of this question, assume you want the massage)? Hint


Question 5 of 5
5. I have a deck of cards. On every card, one side has a number and the other side has a letter. I put four cards on the table; on the sides you can see, the following cards are showing: A, Z, 5, 8. I then claim (but I may be lying) that the cards obey the following rule (the 'Rule'): 'If a card has a vowel on the letter-side, it will have an even number on the number-side.' (The Rule has no other provisions.) What card or cards would you need to turn over in order to determine whether the Rule is being violated? Hint



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Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. How many instances of the letter 'F' appear in the following text: 'FIRST AND FOREMOST, THE PHENOMENON IS A RESULT OF THOUSANDS OF TINY PARTICLES INTERACTING WITH THE SURFACE LAYER OF THE APPARATUS.'

Answer: 6

If you got it wrong, it is almost certainly because you failed to count the instances occurring in the word 'of' -- 'First and Foremost, the phenomenon is a result oF thousands oF tiny particles interacting with the surFace layer oF the apparatus.' When the brain processes language, it follows heuristic 'short cuts' to which consciousness has very little access.
2. We are next-door neighbors. We each own four fish: I own a male goldfish, a female goldfish, a male loach and a female loach, and you also own a male goldfish, a female goldfish, a male loach and a female loach. We are worried about our fish, so we ask the fish-doctor to come and examine them. He tells me that one of my fish is sick. Then, because you aren't home, he tells me his diagnosis of your fish. When you get home, I tell you (truthfully if annoyingly) the following: 'One of my fish is sick. Your fish are sick if they match my sick fish in EITHER gender or species, but not both gender and species. If a fish is not sick it is healthy. I'm not going to tell you which one of my fish is sick, but I will tell you that YOUR male goldfish is sick.' What can you tell about the health of the rest of your fish?

Answer: female goldfish is healthy, male loach is healthy, female loach is sick

Let us use MG for male goldfish, FG for female goldfish, ML for male loach and FL for female loach. If your MG is sick, then the significant fish in my collection is either the FG (matches in gender not species) or the ML (matches in species not gender), and it cannot be the MG (matches your MG in gender AND species) or the FL (doesn't match in gender or species). So there are only two possibilities, and in both the outcome is the same: (1) If it is the FG, then your FG is healthy (matches in both gender and species), your ML is healthy (doesn't match in gender or species) and your FL is sick (matches in gender not species); (2) If it is the ML, then your FG is healthy (doesn't match in gender or species), your ML is healthy (matches in both gender and species) and your FL is sick (matches in species not gender).

This is a variant of P.C. Wason's THOG problem; if you got it wrong, don't worry -- most published studies report not much more than a 10 percent correct answer rate on the problem. Of course, most studies don't give their subjects the benefit of multiple choice...
3. There is a city which hosts two taxi-cab companies, the Blue Cab Co. and the Green Cab Co. Blue cabs are blue and Green cabs are green; they are otherwise identical. 70 percent of the cabs in the city are Blue cabs, and 30 percent of the cabs in the city are Green cabs. Moreover, historically speaking, Blue cabs have been involved in 70% of all traffic accidents in the city that involved cabs, and Green cabs have been involved in 30% of all traffic accidents in the city that involved cabs. One night, there is a traffic accident involving a taxi-cab in the city, to which there is one witness. Authorities perform extensive tests on the witness, and determine that his ability to recognize cabs by their color at night is approximately 80 percent accurate and 20 percent inaccurate (meaning that when he is wrong he does not say he doesn't know, but rather misidentifies it as being of the other color). The witness says the taxi-cab involved in the accident was 'blue.' On these facts, and strictly assuming the taxi-cab was not from some other city, what is the approximate probability that the taxi-cab involved in the accident belonged to the Blue Cab Co.?

Answer: 90 percent

If there were 100 accidents, we could assume from the base rate that 70 would involve Blue Cabs and 30 would involve Green Cabs. Assuming that a witness just like the one here (i.e., 80 percent accurate and 20 percent inaccurate) witnessed each accident, the 100 accidents would be reported as follows: of the 70 Blue-Cab accidents, the witness would say 'blue' (correctly) 56 times and 'green' (incorrectly) 14 times; of the 30 Green-Cab accidents, the witness would say 'green' (correctly) 24 times and 'blue' (incorrectly) 6 times. We are concerned here with the times the witness would say 'blue.' Of those 62 times, the witness would be correct 56 times. 56 over 62 = .903, or approximately 90 percent probability.

This is a pretty standard test of Bayesian reasoning, or of how accurately to take into account base rates. Standard, but very hard.
4. You agree to play a game. The dealer will deal out three cards face down. You know in advance that the three cards are an Ace and two Deuces. You will win an erotic massage from your choice of either Jennifer Lopez or Brad Pitt if you end up with the Ace, and nothing if you end up with a Deuce. First, you will select one of the three face-down cards, but you will not be permitted to look at its front-side. Then, the dealer will look at the front-sides of the two unselected cards, and will turn one Deuce face-up, leaving two face-down cards, one selected by you and one not selected by you. Finally, you will be given the opportunity, at your option, either to keep your original card or to switch it with the dealer's remaining face-down card. When the moment comes, which should you do (hint: for purposes of this question, assume you want the massage)?

Answer: switch your originally selected card with the one remaining unselected card

There will be a one-in-three chance that the Ace will be your originally selected card, and a two-in-three chance that the Ace will be the remaining unselected card, so you should switch. (If you don't believe me, and many of you won't at first, and also you cannot understand the following explanation, which a small number of you may not, then try the experiment yourself thirty times (it will help to have a friend assist you) and record how many times the originally selected card is the Ace.) At stage one, when you make your initial random selection, you have a one-in-three chance of guessing right. Let us say you pick card A, so that cards B and C remain. If we did this thirty times, A would be the Ace about 10 times, B would be the Ace about 10 times, and C would be the Ace about 10 times. Of the 10 times A was the Ace, the dealer would reveal B or C as a Deuce, making the selection which to reveal essentially at random; let's say he would reveal B five times and C 5 times. Of the 10 times B is the Ace, the dealer would reveal C all 10 times. Of the 10 times C is the Ace, the dealer would reveal B all 10 times. So all thirty times, the dealer would reveal either B or C, in total revealing each about 15 times. Of the 15 times he revealed B, A would be the Ace 5 times and C would be the Ace 10 times (one-in-three odds), so it would make sense to switch with the remaining unselected card, namely, C. Of the 15 times he revealed C, A would be the Ace 5 times and B would be the Ace 10 times (one-in-three odds), so it would make sense to switch with the remaining unselected card, namely, B.

Another way to understand it is to consider the following formally identical problem: suppose the dealer lets you select 1 out of 100 identical boxes, where one box contains a prize, and the other 99 are empty. You have a 1 percent chance of getting the right box. After you choose, the dealer will look inside all the remaining 99 boxes, and then throw out 98 of them, showing you that each one he throws out is empty. What is the probability that you have the right box now? What is the probability that the one remaining unopened and unselected boxes contains the prize?
5. I have a deck of cards. On every card, one side has a number and the other side has a letter. I put four cards on the table; on the sides you can see, the following cards are showing: A, Z, 5, 8. I then claim (but I may be lying) that the cards obey the following rule (the 'Rule'): 'If a card has a vowel on the letter-side, it will have an even number on the number-side.' (The Rule has no other provisions.) What card or cards would you need to turn over in order to determine whether the Rule is being violated?

Answer: A, 5

If there is an odd number behind the A, the Rule is violated. If there is a vowel behind the 5, the Rule is violated. However, no matter what is behind the Z, the Rule cannot be violated, since the rule only dictates what must be on the number-side of vowels. And no matter what is behind the 8, the Rule cannot be violated, since if it is a vowel the Rule will be obeyed and if it is a consonant the Rule is not implicated (for the same reason it is not implicated for the Z).

This is another brainchild of P.C. Wason.

A widely cited percentage of correct responses from naive subjects (not given multiple choice) is 4-10 percent.
Source: Author xaosdog

This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor spanishliz before going online.
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