11. [NB: throughout this quiz I will use "dh" to represent the Icelandic letter eth, which represents the hard-th sound of modern English.] The opening seven "chapters" of Laxdaela Saga tell the story of what important early settler of Iceland?
From Quiz Women of the Icelandic Sagas
Answer:
Unn the Deepminded
The historical Unn Ketillsdottir, called "the Deepminded" (djúpúdhga), was surely a most remarkable woman. Unn was a widow when she left Norway for a new life in Scotland, accompanying her redoubtable father Ketill Flatnose and bringing with her her son Thorstein. It is related that Ketill so harried the Scots that they gave him half of all Scotland in exchange for peace. When the Scots broke their oaths of peace and slaughtered both Ketill and Thorstein, Unn coolly and rationally planned her own departure for Iceland; of her departure the Laxdaela saga-writer states that "scarce may an example be found that any one, a woman only, has ever got out of such a state of war with so much wealth and so great a following" so evidently she not only planned well but also executed her plan effectively. Once in Iceland she claimed *vast* tracts of land for herself, and then parceled the land out both generously and wisely to her followers, several of whom were freed slaves. The saga-writer is, as is typical of the genre, quite elliptical on this point, but reading between the lines it is easy to speculate that these erstwhile slaves cum landowners were fiercely loyal to their benefactress and her kin, which is probably why the descendants of Unn continued to dominate the region after her death. Unn died old, and with style. Indeed, the story of how she died was repeated for centuries after her death in approximately 920 CE until it was written down in the saga 325 years later. Apparently she threw a huge and lavish party, and at its peak she announced that she was leaving everything she had to her favorite grandson. She then left the grandson Olaf in charge of the party, and went to her chamber to sleep. The next day Olaf found her sitting up straight in bed, dead: "She walked at a quick step out along the hall, and people could not help saying to each other how stately the lady was yet. They feasted that evening till they thought it time to go to bed. But the day after Olaf went to the sleeping bower of Unn, his grandmother, and when he came into the chamber there was Unn sitting up against her pillow, and she was dead. Olaf went into the hall after that and told these tidings. Every one thought it a wonderful thing, how Unn had upheld her dignity to the day of her death." Unn was given the fullest funerary honors known to Nordic culture, burial in a ship, a form typically reserved for the most powerful chieftains: "So they now drank together Olaf's wedding and Unn's funeral honors, and the last day of the feast Unn was carried to the howe that was made for her. She was laid in a ship in the cairn, and much treasure with her, and after that the cairn was closed up." [All quoted material above is from the 1899 Muriel Press translation of Laxdaela Saga, and is in the public domain.]