Zambia: Where There is Smoke That Thunders Quiz

Answer: Zimbabwe

The indigenous Tonga name, Mosi-oa-Tunya -"The Smoke That Thunders" is more descriptive than Victoria Falls which were named after Queen Victoria in 1855. Described as one of the Seven Wonders of The World, the World Heritage List officially recognises both names.

The falls are on the Zambezi Rivers between Zimbabwe and Zambia. The falls have a width of 1,708 metres (5,604 ft). Their height of 108 metres (354 ft), results in the world's largest sheet of falling water, rivalled perhaps only by the Iguassu falls. By comparison the falls are approximately twice the height of Niagara Falls and over twice the width of its Horseshoe Falls.

Answer: Dr David Livingstone

Originally the Zambia region was populated by the Bantu and Tonga people in or before the 12th century. Francisco de Lacerda. a Portuguese, led an expedition from Mozambique in 1798, hoping to cross the continent in a westward direction but died on the expedition. David Livingstone was the first to cross the continent at this latitude, discovering the Victoria Falls along the way.

His vision was "Christianity, Commerce and Civilization". He was determined to convert the local indigenous population to Christianity, open up trade routes and \stop the slave trade.

He also was obsessed with finding the source of the Nile River (he was too far south) as he thought this would give him much influence in accomplishing his missions. A humble and dedicated man, he became very ill in Africa with malaria, dysentery and severe skin ulceration.

His left arm was permanently damaged from a lion attack. He lost contact with the outside world for six years. In 1871, the "New York Times" sent Mr Stanley to find Dr Livingstone which he did when he stated those immortal words, "Dr Livingstone I presume". Dr Livingstone stayed in Africa but died prematurely as a result of his bad health in 1873, aged 60.

Answer: Nyasaland (Malawi)

Cecil Rhodes headed the British South Africa Company (BSA Company) and obtained mineral right from the local Lotzi people in 1868. This area became known as Barotziland-North-Western Rhodesia. East of here, an uprising, in 1897, occurred but the rebellion was put down, and the people accepted the "Pax Britannica".

This area of the country became known as North-Eastern Rhodesia. These two areas were administered as separate units until 1911 when they were united (pictured) to form Northern Rhodesia which then became a British Protectorate (when BSA did not have their charter renewed). To the south was Southern Rhodesia (now Zimbabwe), a conquered territory which was also run by the BSA Company, but in 1924 became a self-governing British colony.

In 1953, the Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland was formed by grouping Northern Rhodesia, Southern Rhodesia and Nyasaland (Malawi) as a single semi-autonomous region by the British.

Answer: Zambezi and the Congo

The Zambezi River and its tributaries drain the south, west and centre of Zambia. Two of the Zambezi's longest and largest tributaries, the Kafue and the Luangwa, flow mainly in Zambia, joining the Zambezi on its southern border before flowing into Mozambique and out into the Mozambique Channel.

The Congo River is the second longest in Africa and second only to the Amazon in discharge volume. The Chambeshi River in Zambia is generally taken as one of the the sources of the Congo which then flows into the Lualaba River, which then becomes the Congo below Boyoma Falls. The Congo drains the north of the country.

While these are broad rivers, transportation to the ocean is not possible as Zambia sits on a large broad plateau which drops off in the neighbouring, coastal countries. These watercourses have many waterfalls, the Victoria Falls being one example, where the plateau just stops and drops into deep valleys.

Answer: Western border is formed by the line of longitude 22° E shared with Angola

The Republic of Zambia is 752,000 square kilometres which makes it about the size of France, The Netherlands, Belgium and Switzerland, or a bit bigger than Texas. It is a landlocked country in central southern Africa. Its neighbours include the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the north, Tanzania to the north-east, Malawi in the east, Mozambique, Zimbabwe, Botswana and Namibia in the south (mostly on the Zambezi River), and Angola in the west where the line of degrees 22 East is the actual border.

[Pictured is the typical Portuguese architecture seen in Angola. Pictured is The Igreja de Nossa Senhora dos Remédios (1655) in Luanda, which became the cathedral of the Diocese of Angola and Congo in 1716].

The British were very keen to secure the territory between Angola on the Atlantic coast and Mozambique on the Indian Ocean coast as both these territories were Portuguese.

Answer: No

Northern Rhodesia became the Republic of Zambia on 24 October 1964 when Northern Rhodesia sought firstly separation of Northern Rhodesia from Southern Rhodesia (The bankrupt south was being propped up by the mineral wealth of the north); and then independence from Great Britain.

Its capital moved from Livingstone, on its southern border, to a more central (but still in the south) capital at Lusaka. This is also the largest Zambian city with a 2016 population over 1.7 million people and one of the fastest growing cities in Africa.

Livingstone is retained as a provincial capital city. It had a 2016 population of just over 100 000 people.

Between 1972 to 1990, Zambia was a one-party state with the United National Independence Party (UNIP) as the only party. When the economy floundered in the late eighties, elections were called to change the system of government to a multi-party constitution. This was the outcome of the vote and since the implementation of multi-party politics, the economy has improved rapidly.

Answer: Zambia's rise above struggles

Officially, the colours of the Zambia flag: "Green stands for the nation's lush flora, red for the nation's struggle for freedom, black for the Zambian people, and orange for the land's natural resources and mineral wealth". The fish eagle depicted as flying over the stripes (Zambia), represents "the people's ability to rise above the nation's problems" (To be able to represent these issues, this may explain the placement of the symbols away from the hoist).

Answer: Copper is an integral part of the Zambian economy

The discovery of vast copper deposits in what is now the north east of the country was one of the reasons Great Britain wanted to annex the country. The copper deposits are so rich, the province in which they are situated is called Copperbelt (eight of the remaining ten provinces are simply named after their geographical location in the country). The wealth created from copper is why Northern Rhodesia wanted separation from the Southern part of the country as copper was subsidising the cash-strapped south.

However the Zambian economy was so dependent on copper, that when commodity prices dropped sharply in the 80s, so did the fortunes of Zambia. While copper is still important, the economy has been diversified (Tourism is now the "new copper").

Before they were called the Chipolopolo (Copper Bullets), they were known as the KK 11 after the first Zambian President Kenneth Kaunda who ruled from 1964-1991. When he was replaced, the name of the national soccer team was also changed.

Answer: True

In 1993, the Zambian national soccer team were travelling to Senegal for a 1994 World Club qualification match when their Zamibian Air Force plane crashed on the leg from Libreville, Gabon (pictured). All 30 on board were killed.

The Chipolopolo (Copper Bullets) were a good team - they had trounced Italy 4-0 in 1988. They were a leading contender for 1993 Africa Cup of Nations trophy and were a real chance at securing one of the African slots for the 1994 World Cup

Answer: Ground maize

To make nshima, maize flour is boiled with water to form a porridge. It is then handled to make a thick paste by adding more flour. Once cooked the resulting nshima is divided using a wooden spoon dipped in water or oil to make portions each called a ntanda.

Nshima is nearly always eaten with two side dishes called as "relishes" which include a protein source such meat, poultry, fish, peanuts (usually), beans; and a vegetable, such as pumpkin, amaranth, mustard or rape leaves, or cabbage. The protein sides are known as umunani in Zambia but not elsewhere, and the vegetable sides are known "umuto wankondwa" (the latter combination is pictured).

Maize was introduced into the Zambian region by the Europeans in the 19th Century. Prior to this, millet or sorghum was used.