History of Quebec I Trivia Quiz

Answer: Iroquois

Stadacona was not in the exact same location as Quebec is now but rather a few miles away. It was easily captured by French explorer Jacques Cartier. Despite their early hostilities, Cartier and the Iroquois developed a working relationship that was constantly tense. The Iroquois taught the French how to survive the winter.

One of the possibilities of the origin of the name Canada comes from Stadacona, which may have been miscalled Canada by the French.

Answer: Samuel de Champlain

Quebec was founded as L'Habitation in 1608 by Samuel de Champlain. Quebec is the oldest French-speaking city in the Americas. Quebec was the center of New France. It is located on the St. Lawrence River which made it an important location economically for trade.

Answer: Massachusetts Bay Colony

Tensions between England and France were on the rise at the end of the 17th century in regards to their North American territory. French New France/Canada was larger in size than New England but was far less populous. Colonists from Massachusetts Bay had previous captured Port Royal in Nova Scotia.

However, they failed to take Quebec after their fleet of ships was nearly destroyed. This battle should not be confused with the Battle of the Plains of Abraham (1759), which is also sometimes called the Battle of the Quebec.

Answer: The French and Indian War

The French and Indian War or Seven Years' War is commonly called the War of the Conquest because the British invaded the French areas of Canada. It is also sometimes called the Fourth Intercolonial War, among other names. During this war, the French teamed up with several native tribes against the British who were aligned with different tribes. Ultimately, the French would lose the war and most of their North American territory in Canada and in the Caribbean.

Answer: Louis-Joseph de Montcalm

Louis-Joseph de Montcalm was the leader of the French forces during the Battle of the Plains of Abraham, which was part of the French-Indian War. Montcalm was shot with a musket and died the next day. The British General James Wolfe also was shot and died during the battle, though he did lead the British to victory.

As a result of the British victory in this battle, Quebec was ceded to Britain and the rest of New France was ceded in 1763.

Answer: The province of Quebec lost land to the U.S. Colonies

Quebec actually gained land under the Quebec Act of 1774 as it absorbed British territory in Ontario and the future United States. Some of the land was eventually given back.

English Common Law was introduced in matters of public law, while French law was still used in civil matters.

The Act gave religious freedom the Catholic living in New France. The French were heavily Catholic and Quebec was settled by many Catholic missionaries who founded orders there. Swearing allegiance to Protestantism was also removed from government oaths, allowing Catholics to hold some offices without denying their faith.

One of the more controversial aspects of the law, especially in the opinion of the U.S. Colonies, was the appointment of the colonial governor by the British Crown. The American colonists saw this as Britain trying to further influence the lives of Canadians as the Americans were moving away from that. Americans were also upset at what they perceived were some concessions toward the Canadians. Americans felt Canada benefited too much from the law and were not sufficiently punished for losing the French-Indian War.

Answer: Canadian Confederation

The Quebec Conference was the second meeting amongst the several provinces to discuss the forming an independent Canada. The main topic of discussion was what kind of government would be formed: a strong central government or one that gave more power to the provinces. Future Canadian Prime Minister John A. MacDonald fought for a strong central government and pointed out that the U.S. was in a Civil War because, in his opinion, the states had too much power and the central government was weak.

Quebec and Nova Scotia fought for provincial rights as they believed a strong central government would be dominated by the more 'Anglo' people who far outnumbered the French-Canadians and the other ethnic groups.

Answer: Hotel

Le Chateau Frontenac is a luxury hotel designed by Bruce Price. It was originally built as part of a publicity stunt for the Canadian Pacific Railway to entice passengers to stay at luxury hotels while on their train journey across Canada. During World War II, it was the location of several strategic meetings between Winston Churchill, Franklin Roosevelt and William Lyon Mackenzie King.

Answer: Shamrock Summit

It was called the Shamrock Summit because it happened the day after Saint Patrick's Day and because both Reagan and Mulroney had Irish blood. The Irish theme was played up quite a bit with the leaders and their wives singing "When Irish Eyes Are Smiling" at one point and both First Ladies wore green dresses.

The meeting was done to reaffirm American-Canadian support for each other as former U.S. President Richard Nixon and former Canadian Prime Minister Pierre Trudeau had not gotten along well. The main topic of debate was a free trade agreement that would eventually be signed in 1988. While the meeting was seen as being positive generally for both countries, some Canadians were displeased that Mulroney did not bring up the topic of acid rain, which was a major issue in Canada at the time. Mulroney was also perceived as 'kissing up' to Reagan.

Answer: Quebec Biker War

Starting in 1994, the Quebec Biker War, a gang war between the Hells Angels and other biker groups, turned the normally peaceful city of Quebec into chaos. The conflict was a turf war between the various gangs about which gang controlled which streets and the right to sell drugs there. Shootings and bombings occurred which led to the deaths of at least 150 people throughout the province. Though Quebec saw a lot of violence, Montreal was where most of the damage and deaths occurred.

The police were initially reluctant to get involved but eventually took a more active role once innocent civilians started being killed in large numbers.

The most famous victim was Daniel Desrochers, an eleven year old boy from Montreal, who was killed when he was hit by shrapnel while playing in his swimming pool.