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Psychological Studies Trivia Quiz

This quiz covers some theories and studies in psychology, many of which have been used in Sports Psychology.

A multiple-choice quiz by cerealqueen. Estimated time: 6 mins.

Author
cerealqueen

Time
6 mins

Type
Multiple Choice

Quiz #
291,613

Updated
Dec 03 21

# Qns
10

Difficulty
Difficult

Avg Score
5 / 10

Plays
217

One at a Time - Single Page - Timed Game

Question 1 of 10

1. Hans Eysenck carried out research on personality. What were the two dimensions he initially proposed that each individual has, to some extent? Hint

Introvert/Extrovert and Stable/Unstable

Instinct and Learned Behaviours

Psychotic and Stable/Unstable

Introvert/Extrovert and Stable/Neurotic

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Question 2 of 10

2. Social learning theory is a psychological theory used in both personality and aggression. Who proposed this theory, initially in 1963? Hint

Albert Bandura

Sigmund Freud

James Cattell

Ivan Pavlov

3. Diane Gill and Thomas Deeter developed the Sport Orientation Questionnaire in order to measure three aspects of achievement in sport. The first is competitiveness, the second is win orientation but what is the third? Hint

Fear of losing

Goal orientation

Team spirit

Talent

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Question 4 of 10

4. Edwin Locke and Gary Latham proposed a cognitive theory of motivation in the 1960s. What is it? Hint

Cognitive evaluation theory

Model of achievement motivation

Intrinsic motivation

Goal setting theory

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Question 5 of 10

5. Albert Bandura proposed that, as people learn that they can master things, they develop a feeling of self efficacy, the expectation that they will be competent and successful in a task. He claimed that self efficacy comes from four sources. Which of these is NOT one of these sources? Hint

Vicarious influences

Successful past performance

Verbal persuasion

Social Comparison

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Question 6 of 10

6. In 1951 Clark Hull developed a theory predicting that arousal strengthens the performance of the dominant response. What word did he use to describe arousal, which is the name of his theory?

Answer: (one word; Hull's ___ Theory)

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Question 7 of 10

7. The theory that arousal improves performance only to the optimal point is known by which name? Hint

Inverted U Hypothesis

Spiral of Silence Theory

Law of Attraction

Valence Effect

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Question 8 of 10

8. Weiner proposed attribution theory, which attempts to explain how we use information to come to conclusions about the causes of our own and other people's behaviour. He noted that attributions could be internal or external, stable or unstable. Which of these is an example of an internal unstable attribution? Hint

Lack of talent

Lack of concentration

An 'unlucky' stadium / track / pitch

Traffic jam

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Question 9 of 10

9. Carron and Bennett studied coach-athlete pairs and identified three aspects of their relationship. Which of these is NOT one of them? Hint

Similarity

Affection

Inclusion

Control

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Question 10 of 10

10. In 1980 Varca looked at the audience effect in terms of the home and the visiting team. He classified aggressive behaviour as functional or dysfunctional. In which sport was his study carried out? Hint

Hockey

Football

Basketball

Baseball

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Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts

1. Hans Eysenck carried out research on personality. What were the two dimensions he initially proposed that each individual has, to some extent?

Answer: Introvert/Extrovert and Stable/Neurotic

The introvert/extrovert dimension is related to the level of stimulation we seek and is based on the ascending reticular activating system of the brain. The stable/neurotic dimension is related to emotionality and is based on the autonomic nervous system. Eysenck later proposed a third dimension, which he named 'psychotic'.

2. Social learning theory is a psychological theory used in both personality and aggression. Who proposed this theory, initially in 1963?

Answer: Albert Bandura

Social learning theory claims that personality is built up through the process of observation, imitation and reinforcement. According to this theory, sport can play a major part in aggression, as we observe others acting aggressively (in sports such as judo, boxing and rugby) and may imitate the behaviour of these models.

Bandura published his first version of the theory in 1963, with a follow up in 1977. The other psychologists listed were working much earlier than the 1960s.

Answer: Goal orientation

This is a measure of motivation in sport. The questionnaire comprises 25 items which together assess these three aspects and was first published in 1988.

Competitiveness measures the love of competition, while win orientation is a measure of how the person compares him or herself to other players. Goal orientation is a measure of the person's need to be the best they can be.

4. Edwin Locke and Gary Latham proposed a cognitive theory of motivation in the 1960s. What is it?

Answer: Goal setting theory

This theory proposes that goals which are challenging and specific should lead to higher levels of performance. The five essential principles are clarity, challenge, commitment, feedback and task complexity. This theory can be applied in both sports and management situations.

Answer: Social Comparison

Social comparison is one of three stages in development of achievement motivation as presented by Veroff. The fourth source of self efficacy, as proposed by Bandura, is arousal.

6. In 1951 Clark Hull developed a theory predicting that arousal strengthens the performance of the dominant response. What word did he use to describe arousal, which is the name of his theory?

Answer: drive

Put simply: if a skill is well learned then it will be performed even better with increased arousal. However if the skill is not well learned then the dominant response will be incorrect so, as arousal increases, performance will decrease.

7. The theory that arousal improves performance only to the optimal point is known by which name?

Answer: Inverted U Hypothesis

The theory states that arousal beyond the optimal point leads to a lower level of performance, hence the inverted U name. It is also called the Yerkes-Dodson Law. In sport, for example, a moderate level of arousal leads to the best level of performance.

Answer: Lack of concentration

Lack of talent is an internal stable attribution.

An 'unlucky' stadium, track or pitch would be an external stable attribution.

A traffic jam is an external unstable attribution.

A lack of concentration is something which can be controlled by the person, so is classed as an internal unstable attribution.

9. Carron and Bennett studied coach-athlete pairs and identified three aspects of their relationship. Which of these is NOT one of them?

Answer: Similarity

Carron and Bennett's 1977 research found that the most important indicator of a compatible coach-performer pair was inclusion.

Answer: Basketball

Varca analysed games over a season and found that home teams used more functional aggressive play and away teams used more dysfunctional aggressive play. This study was just one carried out to analyse the 'home advantage' theory, where the support of the home crowd improves the performance of the home team.

Source: Author cerealqueen

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