New World Beginnings, Bailey Ch.1 Quiz

Answer: 16th century

The Pueblo people were located in the Rio Grande valley in the present day United States. Before they made contact with Europeans, they had already established complex irrigation and housing systems.

Answer: 1300 A.D.

Around 1300 A.D., climate changes resulted in a failure of crops. Other Native American groups were also encroaching on what had been Anasazi land. This resulted in a migration of the Anasazi people.

Answer: Seneca, Cayuga, Onondaga, Oneida, and Mohawk.

The Iroquois Confederacy was the brainchild of Iroquois leader Hiawatha. It was located in the woodlands of the northeastern United States. The Confederacy functioned much like the nation-states in Peru and Mexico.

Answer: Isabella I of Castile and Ferdinand II of Aragon

Christopher Columbus lobbied at the Spanish court for over two years to get the monarchs to back his voyage. Once they did, Columbus was allowed 10% of the profits from new lands discovered, and would be appointed governor of all new lands.

Answer: Portugal

In the 1450s, the Portuguese were the first major European power to sail down the coast of Africa. As a result of their contact with African people, they adopted many of their practices, including the slave trade.

Answer: He was seeking a new and faster route to the East Indies.

On his first voyage, Columbus made landfall on what is now the Bahamas. Upon meeting the native people, it became apparent to him and his crew that they had not landed in the East Indies, and the original goal of finding new trade routes went out the window when Columbus came upon the Americas. Before his voyage, it had been thought that to the west of Europe lay huge expanses of ocean that eventually connected to Asia.

Answer: Vasco Nuñez Balboa

Balboa landed in present-day Panama in 1513. He trekked across Panama and came upon the Pacific ocean at the end of his journey.

Answer: They were conquered by conquistador Francisco Pizarro.

Upon arriving in what is now Peru, Pizarro sent fellow conquistador Hernando de Soto, a friar, and an interpreter to speak with Atahualpa, the emperor of the Incas. Atahualpa refused to speak with them. Soon after, Pizarro and his forces attacked the Incas in the Battle of Cajamarca. The Spaniards were the victors. In the aftermath, Atahualpa and his guards were executed.

Answer: Noche Triste

Cortés set sail from Cuba in 1519 and landed in what is now Mexico. As he and his party made their way inland, they were greeted by ambassadors sent by the Aztec cheiftan Montezuma. They were ultimately welcomed into Tenochtitlán, the Aztec capital. They overstayed their welcome, and were driven out on June 30, 1520 (Noche Triste). Cortés responded with a siege, and the Aztecs surrendered on August 13, 1521.

Answer: 1680

In what is now New Mexico, the Pueblo people rose up against the Spanish in 1680. Most Catholic churches were destroyed, and many priests and Spanish settlers were killed. It took almost 50 years for the Spanish to regain control of colonial New Mexico.