Kids and Children in the Bible Quiz

Answer: Sarah

The story can be found in Genesis chapter 18. Abraham was a hundred years and Sarah just over ninety, and they had no children together. But then three strangers visited them, and one of them announced that the following year Sarah would have a son. The Lord's ways are such that nothing is too hard for Him, and so the next year Sarah gave birth to Isaac.
Hagar was Sarah's handmaid (servant). She had given a son to Abraham, at the demand of Sarah (for Sarah was afraid not having any children any more).
Eve was the first woman in the Bible, and she had three sons.
Rebekah (in some Bible versions her name is written as Rebecca) had two sons by Isaac: Esau and Jacob.
Neither for Eve nor for Hagar nor Rebekah the Bible mentions any age.

Answer: Moses

Exodus 1-2 tells about the time when the Hebrews stayed in a province of Egypt. Because the Pharaoh noticed the Hebrews had more children than the Egyptians, he feared that one day the Hebrews would side with the enemies of the Egyptians and thus defeat them. Even more disturbing was the prophecy that among the new born children was one who would free the Hebrews from slavery in Egypt. So Pharaoh tried to limit the growth of the Hebrew population by several means, and finally ordered his soldiers to search the Hebrews' houses and slaughter any child under a certain age.
But a certain Hebrew woman hid her infant son, and his elder sister Miriam sent a basket with the child in it floating over the Nile. The Egyptian princess found the basket and adopted the child as hers, and named him Moses. Moses thus escaped the mass murder, and grew up an Egyptian prince. But when he was old enough, he learned the truth and went back to live with his people.
Aaron was Moses' elder brother and Miriam their sister, and both were already old enough to be unharmed by Pharaoh's decree.
Zipporah was not a Hebrew, but a Midianite, who married Moses after he was banned from Egypt.

Answer: Solomon

2 Samuel 12 contains the detailed story, without mentioning the name of the first son of David and Bathsheba.
The red herrings were also sons of David's, but by different mothers. Adonijah was the son of Haggith, and Maachah was Absalom's mother. Ithream was born to Eglah.
Once David looked out from his palace and saw Bathsheba taking a bath (people usually bathed outdoors in those days). David wanted to meet this beautiful girl, and from their meeting came forth a son. But Bathsheba at that time was still married to Uriah, and David finally decided to place Uriah in the midst of battle, so Uriah would surely die.
Because of David's sin (adultery), the Lord decided to punish David by taking away the son conceived in adultery. Nathan the prophet explained all this to David: "Thou shalt not die. Howbeit,...the child that is born unto thee shall surely die." (2 Samuel 12:13-14, King James Version).
After the death of the unnamed son, David and Bathsheba celebrated their marriage and from their union Solomon was born, whom David appointed as his successor.

Answer: The true mother was willing to give away the kid instead of having him cut up

1 Kings 3: 16-28 contains this story. Two women who lived in the same house, had given birth to a kid on the same day. But the next day one of the children died, and the two mothers started a fight over whose child sadly had passed away. The case was brought before King Solomon in his capacity of high judge, and the declarations made by the two women did not clearly offer a solution. Solomon then ordered a soldier "Bring me a sword... Divide the living child in two, and give half to one and half to the other" (1 Kings 3:24-25, KJV). As Solomon expected, the true mother of the living child then exclaimed she would rather give up her kid than to see him hurt. The mother of the dead child had no objection and thus proved herself unworthy of the education of the surviving child.
DNA testing did not exist in Solomon's era. People didn't even know that there was something later scientists would call DNA.
Just guessing? This might be good enough for answering a FT question, but not when there is a life at stake.
The red herring about the feeding by the true mother seems plausible. But in those days, many noble woman did not breastfeed their babies themselves, but engaged a wet nurse for this task.

Answer: Elisha

This story can be found in 2 Kings 4. It is one of several resurrections in the Bible, and one of the three resurrections mentioned in the Old Testament.
Elisha had met a woman from Shunam (not named in the text, but only known as the Shunammite woman) who was already quite old and without child. Elisha then predicted she would have a son, which she did not believe. But the Lord's ways make anything possible, and so the old woman got a son. One day the son was out in the fields with his father, and complained about a headache. They took him home, where he died very soon after. But then Elisha came at the demand of the Shunnamite woman, and he revived the unnamed son.
The first miraculous resurrection in the Bible was performed by Elisha's teacher Elijah. And the third miraculous resurrection in the Old Testament was when an unnamed dead man was put in the grave with Elisha's bones, and he sprang to life again.
Ezekiel, Daniel and Jeremiah are important prophets, but according to the Bible they never resurrected anyone.

Answer: Isaiah

Isaiah 11:6 is the text I quoted (in the King James Version). Isaiah is the prophet who has written down the most, and his writings have come to us. Isaiah is a prophet of hope: in his 11th chapter he tells about the Messiah coming to us. The Messiah, a descendant of Jesse, shall judge with wisdom, and with righteousness. "The wolf shall dwell with the lamb" is a prophesy of peace, even among fierce enemies.
You need not interpret the following text as an incentive for veganism: "the lion shall eat straw like the ox" (Isaiah 11:7) only indicates lions shall no longer harm any fellow animals, as peace shall reign the whole earth.
Amos, Habakkuk and Malachi are some minor prophets. 

Answer: Herod

The story is described in the second chapter of the gospel by Matthew. Matthew describes the birth of Christ, and the visit of the wise men from the east. According to Matthew, the wise men asked King Herod where the new King of the Jews was born, as they wanted to worship Him. Herod consulted with his advisors, who pointed out in the direction of Bethlehem. Then Herod asked the wise men to return after their visit "that I may come and worship him also" (Matthew 2:8, KJV).
Herod was at that time King of Judea, and he thus became aware that a boy not of his family would soon become King of the Jews. This disturbed him very much, and as the wise men did not return, Herod thought he was betrayed. So in a fit of rage he ordered his soldiers to invade the town of Bethlehem and kill all male children under the age of two years.
The angel of the Lord had already warned Joseph and Mary to fly with their son Jesus, so Herod's "massacre of the innocent children" did not block the Messiah.
Judea was an independent kingdom until about 6 AD. The last king was this Herod mentioned in the Bible. In 6 AD Judea was made into a province of the Roman Empire, with a Roman prefect as main administrator. Pontius Pilate was one of these prefects, ruling Judea from 26 AD to 36 AD and mentioned in the story about Jesus' trial and execution.
During the period 44 AD - 70 AD the Romans appointed a procurator. One of those was Festus, mentioned in the Bible at the trial of Paul.
From 70 AD until 135 AD the Romans ruled via a legate, one of whom was Tiberianus (legate between 114 AD and 117 AD). These are not mentioned in the Bible.

Answer: Jesus Christ

It was Jesus Himself who delivered this speech. The apostles asked Him who is the greatest in heaven, and Jesus took a little child to Him to explain this.
Jesus continued: "Whosoever therefore shall humble himself as this little child, the same is greatest in the kingdom of heaven".
A bit later Jesus declared something we did not quite expect from this great forgiver: "But whoso shall offend one of these little ones which believe in me, it were better for him that a millstone were hanged about his neck, and that he were drowned in the depth of the sea" (Matthew 18:6). Apparently the children have to be protected always.
Peter, Thomas and Philip are three of the twelve original apostles.  

Answer: An unnamed nobleman from Capernaum

It is in the fourth chapter of the gospel according to John that we learn about this episode, according to the evangelist Jesus' second miracle.
John is the only evangelist who mentions the order of some miracles. Jesus performed his first miracle at the wedding at Cana, where He turned water into wine (John 2:1-11).
In John 4:46-54 we find the second miracle: when Jesus was in Cana again, a nobleman from Capernaum approached Him saying "Sir, come down ere my child die". But Jesus cured the child without visiting Capernaum. Jesus spoke to the unnamed nobleman "Go thy way, thy son liveth". And because the nobleman believed, it happened as Jesus said.
Lazarus, Bartimaeus and Eutychus are some people who were miraculously cured. Bartimaeus was blind, and Jesus opened his eyes that he may see. Lazarus was dead for four days, when Jesus stood by the grave and claimed "Lazarus, come out". And so he did. Eutychus fell from a window sill during Paul's preaching and died, but Paul revived him and preached on for many hours.

Answer: John

This text is in one of the letters written by the apostles. More specifically we can find it in 1 John 2:1.
John here wants to encourage the early Christians to live according to Jesus' commandments. But he adds that if we sin, Jesus will be our advocate with God the Father.
Several apostles have written epistles (letters) that have been made part of the New Testament. The most prolific of these apostles was Paul, but also Peter, James, Jude (not Judas Iscariot) and John contributed with some letters.
Andrew, Bartholomew and Philip may have written some letters, but these have not been conserved.