Three Crowns or a Triple Crown Quiz

Answer: Helen Hayes

The possibility of winning what came to be known as the 'Triple Crown' of acting was only made possible from 1949 onwards, when the Academy of Television Arts and Sciences founded its annual award ceremony, which it called the Emmy Awards. This joined the ceremony of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (the Oscars), and the ceremony jointly held by the American Theatre Wing and the Broadway League (the Tony Awards).

Helen Hayes won the first of her awards in 1932, when she was awarded the Oscar for Best Actress for her role in "The Sin of Madelon Claudet".

In 1947, she won the Tony for Best Actress in a Play for "Happy Birthday", while in 1953 she completed the Triple Crown by being awarded the Emmy for Best Actress - until 1954, this award was not for a specific performance, but for a body of work during the year.

Helen Hayes subsequently won another Tony in 1958, and a further Oscar in 1970, as well as winning a Grammy in 1978 to become one of a handful of people to be an EGOT winner of each of the major entertainment awards.

Answer: Preakness Stakes

The Preakness Stakes is a race for three-year olds, run over 9.5 furlongs at Pimlico Race Course in Baltimore. Traditionally taking place on the third Saturday in May, it is the second leg of the Triple Crown of thoroughbred racing, taking place two weeks after the Kentucky Derby, and three weeks before the Belmont Stakes. First run in 1873, the race was named by then Governor of Maryland, Oden Bowie, after Preakness, a horse who had won on the first day of Pimlico's opening in 1870.

Although it is primarily known for its home in Baltimore, for fifteen years between 1894 and 1908, the race was held at Gravesend Race Track on Coney Island in New York.

The first winner of the race, Survivor, won by ten lengths, the largest margin of victory until that record was broken in 2004, when Smarty Jones achieved victory by 11.5 lengths.

Answer: Paul VI

The papal tiara is the traditional crown worn by the Supreme Pontiff of the Roman Catholic Church (the Pope). Although it has had different designs, since the 14th century it has utilised a three-tiered design. Most surviving papal tiaras feature a central core made of silver, with three golden crowns spaced around the outside of the core.

Initially, the tiara featured a single crown. A second crown, intended to signify the Pope's spiritual and temporal power, is believed to have been added by Pope Innocent III, while the third crown was first used during the Avignon Papacy, either by Benedict XI or Clement V. Papal tiaras were used in the papal coronation between 1143 and 1963, when Paul VI was enthroned. Shortly after his coronation, Paul VI, during the Second Vatican Council, announced he would abandon the tiara as a renunciation of human glory, and that the one used at his coronation would be sold for charity.

His successors, John Paul I and John Paul II, did not have coronations, while John Paul II's 1996 Apostolic Constitution removed reference to the coronation altogether.

However, the papal tiara remains as part of both the Holy See's coat of arms, and the national flag of the Vatican City.

Answer: Monaco Grand Prix

The Monaco Grand Prix was first held as an invitation only event in 1929 under the auspices of the Automobile Club de Monaco (ACM). In 1928, the ACM applied to join the Association Internationale des Automobiles Clubs Reconnus, the international governing body for motorsport, as a full national member rather than a regional French body.

This was turned down as the ACM did not at the time run a major event wholly within its own borders - the Monte Carlo Rally, which had been run since 1911, was largely held outside Monaco. So, the ACM proposed a Grand Prix race using the streets of Monaco as a track.

The first race was won by William Grover-Williams driving a works Bugatti Type 35B. British driver Graham Hill won a total of five Monaco Grands Prix between 1963 and 1969 as part of his achievement as the first to win the Triple Crown, also winning the Indianapolis 500 in 1966 and Le Mans in 1972.

Answer: Sweden

The Three Crowns, or Tre kronor, is a national emblem of Sweden, composed of three yellow coronets on a blue background, and features prominently on the country's coat of arms. It is used as a symbol of authority by both the Swedish monarchy and Swedish government, for example being used in the identifying roundel used by aircraft of the Swedish air force.

The use of the three crowns is believed to date back to the 13th century, when King Magnus III used the symbol on his shield, while coins issued in the reign of King Magnus IV had the symbol imprinted on them.

The three crowns as a primary armorial symbol of Sweden dates to 1521, when King Gustav Vasa began using the three crowns in a coat of arms quartered with a lion rampant; this remains the country's greater coat of arms today, while the three crowns serves as Sweden's lesser coat of arms, used primarily by government institutions.

Answer: Anne

In 1603, England and Ireland, although separate countries, were in personal union, sharing the same monarch, Queen Elizabeth I. On her death that year, she was succeeded by her cousin, James VI of Scotland, who became King James I of England and Ireland bringing Scotland into personal union with the other two.

Despite sharing a monarch, the three countries were ostensibly independent of each other, and free to undertake their own foreign and domestic policies, which included wars between each other, most notably a series of conflicts known as the Wars of the Three Kingdoms between 1639 and 1651.

The fact that the countries, particularly England and Scotland, were independent of each other led to worries that the shared monarch would be able to use the power of one to force the other to their will.

This, combined with a major downturn in Scotland's economy during the 1690s, led to moves to create a union as a single nation. This culminated in the Acts of Union in 1707, which saw England and Scotland agree to merge into a single nation called 'Great Britain', with Ireland remaining in personal union.

This arrangement ended in 1801, when Great Britain and Ireland undertook their own Acts of Union to become the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

Answer: Worshipful Company of Drapers

The Worshipful Company of Drapers is ranked third in the order of precedence of the City of London's livery companies, and is the livery company representing wool and cloth merchants. Founded in 1361, it is believed to be the first livery company, and possibly the first corporate body in England, to be awarded a coat of arms - the letters patent awarding the arms to the company is the earliest such document to survive, and dates from 1439.

The company was founded with the Blessed Virgin Mary as its patron saint, and so the coat of arms, which features three triple crowns (resembling papal tiaras), each on a cloud with sunbeams radiating from them, on a field of blue, is believed to represent the Assumption of the Virgin.

The sunbeams represent the brilliance of the Virgin Mary, while clouds are often a symbol of the Holy Spirit; thus from Mary, through the Holy Spirit comes the Son of God, with the presence of three of them on the arms representing the Trinity.

Answer: Detroit Tigers

In baseball, the batting Triple Crown refers to a single player who tops the standings for batting average (number of hits divided by number of at bats), runs batted in (where a batter makes a play that allows a run to be scored), and home runs. The Triple Crown is a reflection of a player excelling in three areas of batting, and, as such, is a difficult feat to achieve as having a single player excel at all three is rare.

In 2012, Miguel Cabrera, the First Baseman of the Detroit Tigers, became the first player to top the rankings in all three categories since 1967, when he scored 44 home runs, had 139 RBIs and a batting average of .330. For his feat, he was awarded the American League's Most Valuable Player award, helping the Tigers to that year's World Series, where they were defeated by the San Francisco Giants.

Answer: Poland

Trzy Korony is the summit of the Three Crowns Massif, part of the Pieniny range, and is located within the Pieniny National Park in Southern Poland. Originally known simply as 'Pieniny', in 1834, it began to be referred to as 'the Crown', with the current name coming into widespread use from 1860.

The Three Crowns actually consists of five limestone peaks - Okrąglica, Płaska Skała, Nad Ogródki, Pańska, and Niżnia Okrąglica. Trzy Korony is the centre of a group of connected mountains known as Pieniny Środkowe, and is separated from the surrounding peaks by the Wyżni Łazek Pass.

The top of the tallest peak, Okrąglica, contains a viewing platform that overlooks the Dunajec River Gorge, which is one of the country's top tourist attractions.

Answer: Ben Hogan

The Triple Crown in golf requires a single player to win at least three of the four major championships - the Masters Tournament, the US Open, the PGA Championship, and the Open Championship - in one year. In April 1953, Ben Hogan won his seventh major title at the Masters, his second victory at the tournament, by five shots over Ben Oliver. Two months later, he won his fourth US Open title by six shots, with Sam Snead finishing second.

A month after that, Hogan won his first, and only, Open Championship title, and the ninth major title of his career, by four shots over a group of players tied for second, making him the first player to win a Triple Crown.

However, he was unable to attempt to win all four tournaments that year as that year's PGA Championship ended the day before the start of the Open.

The second player to achieve a Triple Crown was Tiger Woods, who won the US Open, Open Championship and PGA Championship in 2000, before going on to win the 2001 Masters Tournament, becoming the first player to hold all four majors at the same time.