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Quiz about Giants of American Twentieth Century Journalism
Quiz about Giants of American Twentieth Century Journalism

Giants of American Twentieth Century Journalism Quiz


The world of twentieth century journalism is indeed a fascinating one. This quiz will cover a variety of types of journalism--newspapers, radio, TV, sports, film criticism, journalistic novels, and photography.

A multiple-choice quiz by chessart. Estimated time: 6 mins.
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Author
chessart
Time
6 mins
Type
Multiple Choice
Quiz #
373,183
Updated
Dec 03 21
# Qns
15
Difficulty
Average
Avg Score
12 / 15
Plays
1255
Awards
Editor's Choice
Question 1 of 15
1. We'll start off with a man who is considered the father of twentieth century broadcast journalism. Who is this man, whose reports from London for CBS radio during World War Two always started out with the dramatic words, "This is London"? Hint


Question 2 of 15
2. On September 2, 1963, TV news came of age when the "CBS Evening News" became the first half-hour nightly TV news broadcast. Who was the anchor of this show, a man who, during his 19-year tenure as the CBS anchor man, became known as "the most trusted man in America"? Hint


Question 3 of 15
3. The new network C-SPAN was created in 1979 to cover the U.S. Congress. Who is the visionary journalist who created this network and served as its CEO until 2012? Hint


Question 4 of 15
4. Who was the author of the first syndicated gossip column, which ran from the 1920s to the 1960s, and was syndicated in over 2,000 newspapers and had fifty million readers a day? Hint


Question 5 of 15
5. Which giant of twentieth century journalism wrote the runaway bestseller "The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich", a history of Nazi Germany? Hint


Question 6 of 15
6. A seemingly minor burglary at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C., on June 17, 1972, led to two young reporters embarking on an extensive investigation that eventually led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon. These reporters, Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, worked for which newspaper? Hint


Question 7 of 15
7. Which giant of early twentieth-century sports journalism penned the immortal words, "For when the One Great Scorer comes/To mark against your name,/He writes - not that you won or lost -/But how you played the Game." Hint


Question 8 of 15
8. The term "sports journalism" was pretty much of an oxymoron until the 1950s, when a former New York lawyer burst onto the scene with his radio show "Speaking of Sports". Who was this bombastic, egotistical man, known primarily for broadcasting boxing and football events, who often boasted that he was only "telling it like it is"? Hint


Question 9 of 15
9. Which longtime film critic of the "Chicago Sun-Times" was the first film critic to win a Pulitzer Prize for film criticism? Hint


Question 10 of 15
10. Who was the longtime film critic for "The New Yorker" magazine, whose many books of film criticism include "Deeper into Movies" and "When the Lights Go Down"? Hint


Question 11 of 15
11. A branch of journalism which came into vogue in the twentieth century was the "journalistic novel", or "non-fiction novel". Truman Capote popularized this genre with his 1966 bestseller, "In Cold Blood". This book described the murders of a family in which state? Hint


Question 12 of 15
12. The journalistic novel reached new heights when an author, originally made famous by his 1948 novel "The Naked and the Dead", received Pulitzer Prizes for "The Armies of the Night"(1968) and "The Executioner's Song"(1980). Who was this outspoken and oft-married author? Hint


Question 13 of 15
13. In 1936 photographer Dorothea Lange was driving home in the rain at the end of a month-long assignment taking photographs documenting the effect of the Great Depression on people, when she passed a sign saying "Pea-Pickers' Camp". She drove on, but twenty miles later turned around and went back. One of the pictures she then took is said to be the most famous photo in the Library of Congress. What is the name of this iconic photograph? Hint


Question 14 of 15
14. Photographer Joe Rosenthal captured an iconic moment on February 23, 1945, with his picture of five U.S. marines raising the American flag on a Pacific island. Which island was this? Hint


Question 15 of 15
15. Often journalists are required to cover negative news--crime, natural disasters, war, and other tragedies. On August 14, 1945, "Life" magazine photographer Alfred Eisenstaedt had the unusually happy assignment of covering the joyous celebration marking the end of World War Two. In which New York landmark did Eisenstaedt take his famous picture of a sailor kissing an unidentified female? Hint



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Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. We'll start off with a man who is considered the father of twentieth century broadcast journalism. Who is this man, whose reports from London for CBS radio during World War Two always started out with the dramatic words, "This is London"?

Answer: Edward R. Murrow

Murrow's innovation was to broadcast directly from the scene of world events. Prior to this time, radio news broadcasts consisted primarily of an anchor person reading to the audience from a studio. As television grew in the 1950's, Murrow became host of the CBS TV show "See It Now", which discussed world affairs. The most famous "See It Now" episode was a 1954 show in which Murrow strongly criticized Senator Joe McCarthy and his "red scare" tactics. The show led to McCarthy's decline and eventual censure by the Senate.

The other choices are CBS reporters who worked under Murrow in London during World War Two. The group became known as "Murrow's Boys".
2. On September 2, 1963, TV news came of age when the "CBS Evening News" became the first half-hour nightly TV news broadcast. Who was the anchor of this show, a man who, during his 19-year tenure as the CBS anchor man, became known as "the most trusted man in America"?

Answer: Walter Cronkite

Douglas Edwards was Cronkite's predecessor at CBS News. Huntley and Brinkley were the co-anchors of NBC's half-hour news program, which debuted a week after the CBS newscast debuted. Cronkite was so influential that, upon returning from a fact-finding tour to Vietnam in 1968, he reported that the war was a stalemate; this caused President Lyndon Johnson to remark that 'If I've lost Cronkite, I've lost the nation." Soon after, Johnson announced that he would not run for re-election in 1968.
3. The new network C-SPAN was created in 1979 to cover the U.S. Congress. Who is the visionary journalist who created this network and served as its CEO until 2012?

Answer: Brian Lamb

Lamb's 1977 proposal called for the cable companies to fund a non-profit network which would cover public affairs in a non-partisan manner. The idea was approved and C-SPAN has served a vital role in the journalistic world ever since.
4. Who was the author of the first syndicated gossip column, which ran from the 1920s to the 1960s, and was syndicated in over 2,000 newspapers and had fifty million readers a day?

Answer: Walter Winchell

In addition to his widely-read newspaper column, Winchell also had a radio show with twenty million listeners. Winchell was always controversial and was both hated and feared, due to his power to destroy a person's reputation. His decline started in the 1950s, when he was a staunch defender of Senator Joe McCarthy, who was later censured by his Senate colleagues and soon after died in disgrace.

Then Winchell was attacked by Jack Paar, who took issue with Winchell for some false and slanderous comments Winchell had made about Paar. Since Paar had a national forum in "The Tonight Show", Winchell didn't stand a chance in this dispute, and he retired in disgrace.

He spent his last two years as a recluse, and it is said that only his daughter came to his funeral.
5. Which giant of twentieth century journalism wrote the runaway bestseller "The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich", a history of Nazi Germany?

Answer: William L. Shirer

Upon graduating from college in 1925, Shirer left for Europe, preferring Europe to what he called "the land of Prohibition, fundamentalism, puritanism and Coolidgeism". He spent the next twenty years reporting from various places in Europe, primarily Paris, Vienna, Berlin, and also India. After the end of World War Two Shirer finally came back to the U.S. and worked for CBS radio till he was fired by Edward R. Murrow in 1947; this firing took place despite the fact that Shirer's show was the highest-rated news commentary show on radio at the time. This caused a rift between the two old friends which never healed.

After being fired from CBS, Shirer could not find steady work, apparently as a result of being blackballed by the broadcast industry. It was this lack of work, and the need to support his family, that led to his writing "The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich". As he describes in his memoir "A Native's Return", the U.S. government had stored tons of documents brought back to the U.S. from Nazi Germany, and, incredibly, nobody had ever bothered to do any reviewing, sorting, or cataloging of the documents. Shirer undertook this task, and that work, coupled with his personal observations from his time stationed in pre-war Berlin, resulted in his bestselling book.
6. A seemingly minor burglary at the Watergate office complex in Washington, D.C., on June 17, 1972, led to two young reporters embarking on an extensive investigation that eventually led to the resignation of President Richard Nixon. These reporters, Bob Woodward and Carl Bernstein, worked for which newspaper?

Answer: The Washington Post

Woodward and Bernstein's story is one of the most noteworthy in the history of twentieth century journalism. They became famous for their intrepid reporting, especially so after the publication of their account of the Watergate affair, entitled "All the President's Men", later made into a movie starring Dustin Hoffman and Robert Redford.

An example of the integrity of their reporting is that neither ever identified one of their main sources, called only "Deep Throat" in the book. It was not until 2005, over thirty years after the Watergate break-in, that Mark Felt, retired Associate Director of the FBI, revealed himself that he was, in fact, "Deep Throat". The reporters confirmed this, and later in 2005 Woodward published "The Secret Man: The Story of Watergate's Deep Throat", an account of his dealings with Felt.
7. Which giant of early twentieth-century sports journalism penned the immortal words, "For when the One Great Scorer comes/To mark against your name,/He writes - not that you won or lost -/But how you played the Game."

Answer: Grantland Rice

Rice's sportswriting career covered the entire first half of the twentieth century. His column for the "New York Herald Tribune", called "The Sportlight", was the most influential sports column of its day. It was common during the first third of the twentieth century for sports pages to publish poetry; Rice was certainly no slacker in this regard, as he published three books of poetry. In his 1954 memoir, "The Tumult and the Shouting", Rice writes that he used to keep a scrapbook of poetry from the sports pages.

Ernest Thayer wrote the classic "Casey at the Bat", while Franklin Pierce Adams wrote the famous poem "Tinker to Evers to Chance", and Jack Norworth wrote the words to "Take Me out to the Ball Game".
8. The term "sports journalism" was pretty much of an oxymoron until the 1950s, when a former New York lawyer burst onto the scene with his radio show "Speaking of Sports". Who was this bombastic, egotistical man, known primarily for broadcasting boxing and football events, who often boasted that he was only "telling it like it is"?

Answer: Howard Cosell

In 1956 Cosell left a $30,000 a year job practicing law for a radio job which paid peanuts by comparison. He eventually migrated into TV, becoming most famous for his work on ABC's "Monday Night Football". Cosell soured on both boxing and football in the early 1980s, and his career completely self-destructed in 1985 with the publication of his memoir "I Never Played the Game", in which he bad-mouthed both his employer, ABC, as well as many of his colleagues who were part of the "jockocracy", as Cosell contemptuously called former players who turned to broadcasting after their playing days were over. Cosell was soon fired by ABC, and he never worked in TV again. Cosell so effectively burned his bridges behind him that, like Walter Winchell, he lived his last years as a recluse before dying in 1995.
9. Which longtime film critic of the "Chicago Sun-Times" was the first film critic to win a Pulitzer Prize for film criticism?

Answer: Roger Ebert

Ebert won his Pulitzer in 1975. In 2005 he became the first film critic to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. Ebert, who died in 2013, was well-known for his movie review show on TV, paired with Gene Siskel from 1975 until Siskel's death in 1999, and after that paired with a variety of co-hosts.
10. Who was the longtime film critic for "The New Yorker" magazine, whose many books of film criticism include "Deeper into Movies" and "When the Lights Go Down"?

Answer: Pauline Kael

Kael reviewed films for "The New Yorker" from 1967 to 1991, when she retired after having been diagnosed with Parkinson's Disease. William Shawn is the editor who hired her for "The New Yorker". Anthony Lane and David Denby are film critics who have worked for "The New Yorker" since Kael's retirement.
11. A branch of journalism which came into vogue in the twentieth century was the "journalistic novel", or "non-fiction novel". Truman Capote popularized this genre with his 1966 bestseller, "In Cold Blood". This book described the murders of a family in which state?

Answer: Kansas

Capote and his friend Harper Lee traveled to Kansas to research the 1959 murders of the Clutter family in western Kansas even before the killers were captured. Together they interviewed everybody connected with the case, and Capote spent years working on this project.

While John Hersey's 1946 book "Hiroshima" can be claimed to be the start of this new genre, Capote's book is what really popularized it.
12. The journalistic novel reached new heights when an author, originally made famous by his 1948 novel "The Naked and the Dead", received Pulitzer Prizes for "The Armies of the Night"(1968) and "The Executioner's Song"(1980). Who was this outspoken and oft-married author?

Answer: Norman Mailer

"The Armies of the Night" described the October, 1967, march on the Pentagon in protest against the Vietnam War. Mailer's technique here was to make himself a character in the "novel", and he referred to himself throughout the book in the third person as "Mailer". "The Executioner's Song", considered by many to be Mailer's best work, was about the life and death of Gary Gilmore, who was the first person to be executed in the U.S. after the reinstatement of the death penalty in the mid-1970s.
13. In 1936 photographer Dorothea Lange was driving home in the rain at the end of a month-long assignment taking photographs documenting the effect of the Great Depression on people, when she passed a sign saying "Pea-Pickers' Camp". She drove on, but twenty miles later turned around and went back. One of the pictures she then took is said to be the most famous photo in the Library of Congress. What is the name of this iconic photograph?

Answer: Migrant Mother

The picture of the weary mother of seven children, stranded in a camp where there was no work due to the peas having frozen, is one which cannot be forgotten. The mother told Lange that they had been living on frozen peas and birds which the children killed.

She had just sold her tires to buy food. Lange's pictures were promptly published in a San Francisco newspaper, and within days 20,000 pounds of food were rushed to the camp.
14. Photographer Joe Rosenthal captured an iconic moment on February 23, 1945, with his picture of five U.S. marines raising the American flag on a Pacific island. Which island was this?

Answer: Iwo Jima

The Battle of Iwo Jima was fiercely fought, and was the only battle in which American casualties exceeded Japanese casualties. The U.S. eventually prevailed, although it took until March 26th before the entire island was brought under U.S. control. Rosenthal's picture, entitled "Raising the Flag on Iwo Jima", remains one of the iconic photos of the twentieth century,
15. Often journalists are required to cover negative news--crime, natural disasters, war, and other tragedies. On August 14, 1945, "Life" magazine photographer Alfred Eisenstaedt had the unusually happy assignment of covering the joyous celebration marking the end of World War Two. In which New York landmark did Eisenstaedt take his famous picture of a sailor kissing an unidentified female?

Answer: Times Square

The identity of the famous kissers has never been definitively established. Eleven men and three women have come forward claiming to be the subjects in the photograph.
Source: Author chessart

This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor bloomsby before going online.
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