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Human Body Basics Part VII Trivia Quiz

Installment #7 of the quiz. It is designed for individuals with some background in biological science, but hopefully can be informative for those with a curiosity streak.

A multiple-choice quiz by jstagamtome. Estimated time: 6 mins.

Author
jstagamtome

Time
6 mins

Type
Multiple Choice

Quiz #
308,101

Updated
Dec 03 21

# Qns
10

Difficulty
Difficult

Avg Score
4 / 10

Plays
1806

Awards
Top 35% Quiz

One at a Time - Single Page - Timed Game

Question 1 of 10

1. Which of the following is true concerning the parathyroid glands? Hint

There are 4 of them embedded in the thyroid gland and they are involved in calcium and bone metabolism

There are 4 of them and they regulate the function of the thyroid from within the gland

There are 2 of them sitting behind the thyroid gland and are involved in temerature regulation

There are 2 parathyroids, and they produce flavinoids which affect digestive enzyme production

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Question 2 of 10

2. The skull is a fused series of bones in the adult. What is the only substantial opening from the skull, through which the midbrain and spinal cord passes out of the cranium? Hint

Foramen magnum

Foramen ovale

Foramen pellucidum

Foramen nervosum

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Question 3 of 10

3. There is a duct which empties 75% of the lymph drainage from the body back into the venous circulation at the superior vena cava. What is the name of this duct?

Answer: (One Word)

4. The typical cycles of sleep repeat about 5 times per night and include 4 stages of non-Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep and 1 stage of REM. In what sequence of stages is each repeating cycle? Hint

1,2,3,4,REM

1,2,3,4,3,2,REM

REM,1,2,3,4

1,2,REM,3,4

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Question 5 of 10

5. Which of the following hormone types involve secretion of the hormone into a duct? Hint

exocrine

paracrine

endocrine

apocrine

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Question 6 of 10

6. Both the immune system and the nervous system have dendritic cells.

True

False

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Question 7 of 10

7. Which of the following brain "supporting cells" release adenosine to promote the urge to sleep known as "sleep pressure"? Hint

oligodenrocytes

microglia

ependymal cells

astrocytes

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Question 8 of 10

8. Which of the following is untrue? Hint

the meninges connect brain to spinal cord

tendons connect bone to muscle

ligaments connect bone to bone

the mesentery connects to the intestines

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Question 9 of 10

9. We generally consider the immune system to be contained in lymph nodes. Tonsils and thymus gland are two sites of immune cells not within lymph nodes. Where else is this true? Hint

liver sinusoids

Peyer's patches of the intestine

all of these

spleen

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Question 10 of 10

10. The brachial plexus under the arm is part of which body system? Hint

circulatory

nervous

lymphatic

none of the above

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Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts

1. Which of the following is true concerning the parathyroid glands?

Answer: There are 4 of them embedded in the thyroid gland and they are involved in calcium and bone metabolism

When someone has hyperparathyroidism, the calcium level rises in the blood with potentially disastrous consequences, and the cure is usually to remove three of the four parathyroid glands with thyroid surgery.

2. The skull is a fused series of bones in the adult. What is the only substantial opening from the skull, through which the midbrain and spinal cord passes out of the cranium?

Answer: Foramen magnum

If there is a buildup of pressure in the brain, the brain contents may attempt to extrude through this hole, causing instant death by cutting off blood supply to the respiratory center. This process is called herniation.

3. There is a duct which empties 75% of the lymph drainage from the body back into the venous circulation at the superior vena cava. What is the name of this duct?

Answer: Thoracic

If the duct is ever severed, the lymph fluid can drain freely into the thoracic cavity and create what is called a "chylous" effusion, which looks just like milk because of it's fat content.

4. The typical cycles of sleep repeat about 5 times per night and include 4 stages of non-Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep and 1 stage of REM. In what sequence of stages is each repeating cycle?

Answer: 1,2,3,4,3,2,REM

The stages are recorded and defined by polymyograph activity, which records muscle twitches and contractions.

5. Which of the following hormone types involve secretion of the hormone into a duct?

Answer: exocrine

Endocrine hormones are secreted into the bloodstream to have their effect at remote sites, paracrine hormones have their effect on cells in the gland in which they are produced but not on the cells which produce them, and apocrine hormones have their effect on the cells which produced the hormone.

Some organs, such as the pancreas, can be both endocrine (insulin) and exocrine (amylase, lipase, protease).

6. Both the immune system and the nervous system have dendritic cells.

Answer: False

The nervous system has neurons which have projections called dendrites and axons, the former as incoming signal appendages and the latter as outgoing signal appendages. Dendritic cells are processing cells of the immune system.

7. Which of the following brain "supporting cells" release adenosine to promote the urge to sleep known as "sleep pressure"?

Answer: astrocytes

Every other behavior in the brain is mediated by neurons, not supporting cells.

8. Which of the following is untrue?

Answer: the meninges connect brain to spinal cord

The brain and spinal cord are contiguous, via the midbrain, and the meninges envelop them all.

9. We generally consider the immune system to be contained in lymph nodes. Tonsils and thymus gland are two sites of immune cells not within lymph nodes. Where else is this true?

Answer: all of these

The bone marrow is yet another site. Immune cells migrate throughout the body via the blood stream and the lymphatic system.

10. The brachial plexus under the arm is part of which body system?

Answer: nervous

This elaborate system of branching nerves is the result of merging of 5 spinal nerves, from the 5th cervical to the 1st thoracic, and is a headache for every medical student to memorize. The intricate nerve network is the reason we have such precise motor movements of our hands (so I can type this quiz). Understanding this plexus also helps explain why it is a bad idea to pick up children by one of their hands, which potentially damages the brachial plexus.

Source: Author jstagamtome

This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor crisw before going online.
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