Matter and Substance Trivia Quiz

Answer: Heating or cooling will not change the state of matter.

In fact, heating or cooling will result in changes of state of matter. For example, melting, boiling, freezing, condensation, evaporation and sublimation are all changes in state.

Matter is made up of tiny particles which are called atoms. Atoms are the smallest unit of matter. For example, a gold ring is made up of many tiny gold atoms.

The particles in the liquid and the gas states are always in constant motion. In other words, the particles never stop moving.

In solid, the particles will vibrate when the solid is heated. If the energy is high enough, the particles will move apart. The process where solid changes into liquid is called melting.

Answer: Absorbed

Upon heating, the black iodine solid crystal will obtain kinetic energy. The particles contain enough energy to break free of the chemical bonds between them and they change into gaseous state.

Answer: Electron

The relative mass of a proton and a neutron is both 1. Meanwhile, the mass of an electron is only 1/1840 of a proton's mass. The mass of electrons are negligible. Therefore, when we calculate the atomic mass of an element, let's say a carbon atom (6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons), we only take into account the mass of protons and neutrons, which is 12amu (atomic mass unit).

Answer: True

Let us consider a carbon atom, which is made up of 6 protons, 6 neutrons and 6 electrons. The 6 protons and 6 neutrons are located in the nucleus of the atom. Meanwhile, the remaining 6 electrons can be found orbiting around the electron shells in the form of electron cloud.

Answer: Hydrogen-1 (1 proton, 0 neutron, 1 electron)

It is interesting to note that hydrogen-1 is the only element that has no neutron. Therefore, its proton number equals its nucleon number. This is the reason why hydrogen-1 is also known as a proton.

Answer: 98

From the formula: nucleon number = number of proton + number of neutron, we get 198 = 100 + number of neutron. So, the number of neutron for the element is 198 - 100 = 98.

Answer: A and C

To determine whether two given atoms are isotopes, we need to check for two conditions. The first one is that both atoms have the same proton number. The second one is that they have different nucleon numbers, or different number of neutrons. In this case, atoms A and C are isotopes.

Notice that we do not use information of the number of electrons present in an atom. If we compare the number of protons and the number of electrons of an atom, we can determine whether the atom is positively charged (the number of protons is greater than the number of electrons), neutral (the number of protons is the same as the number of electrons) or negatively charged (the number of protons is less than the number of electrons).

Answer: Protons

Before Mendeleev's proposal, all the elements are arranged according to their nucleon numbers. He even predicted accurately the properties of elements that had yet to be discovered.

Answer: All of these.

Let's say element A is located in Group 1 and Period 2. Also, element B is located in Group 1 and Period 3. Since both of them are of the same group, they must have similar chemical properties. The names given to the elements in Group 1, 2, 17 and 18 are alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, halogens and noble gases respectively.

Answer: Silicon (Group 14, Period 3)

Being a metalloid, silicon possesses the properties of both metals and non-metals. It is used widely in the telecommunication industry and also the manufacturing of silicon chips.

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