Reproduction, Maturing and Growing Up Quiz

Answer: fontanels

A sinus is an air-filled space in the human skull surrounding the nasal cavity. It is also found in human adults, not only in infants. Mandible is another name for the lower jaw and fountains are springs found on the earth.

Fontanels of the infant's skull all close at different times, but all of them are fused within the first two years of the infant's life. The fontanels help the baby's head to pass easily through the mother's birth canal by giving some flexibility to the skull.

Answer: Fraternal twins

Sometimes ovaries release two eggs simultaneously. If they are fertilised simultaneously, the twins born are non identical. If a fertilised cell divides into two, the twins born are identical as they arise from the same cell. Siamese twins are now known as conjoined twins.

Answer: lymphatic

Cystic fibrosis, also called mucoviscidosis, is a genetic disorder caused when mutations are present in both parents' genes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator, (CFTR), protein. It causes mainly problems with the respiratory system, like difficulty in breathing, coughing up mucus, etc.

It also affects the digestive and reproductive system. People with cystic fibrosis pass out fatty stools because of the decrease in liquidity of the enzymes secreted by their pancreas and small intestine. Most males with cystic fibrosis are infertile, as the vas deferens may not develop or become blocked with mucus. It does not necessarily mean that they are sterile as they are capable of producing offspring by artificial means like IVF. Approximately 20% of women with cystic fibrosis are infertile with blockage of the fallopian tubes. Cystic fibrosis has nothing to do with the lymphatic system.

Answer: testosterone

Progesterone and oestrogen are female hormones. Adrenaline triggers excitement. A rise in the level of testosterone in the male body causes changes like growth of facial and pubic hair and enlargement of the penis.

Answer: epididymis

Sperm is produced in the testes, which is contained in a sac-like structure called the scrotum, and matures in the epididymis, a tube-like structure located near the testes. The vas deferens is a long tube, running through the urethra, from the urinary bladder to the penis. Sperm travels through the vas deferens and leaves the male's body via the penis.

Answer: colostrum

Colostrum is more nutritious for the baby and is secreted by the mother's breasts in the early stage of breastfeeding. It contains antibodies which help to protect the baby from many diseases during infancy.

Answer: ossification

Ossification is usually complete by the age of twenty. It starts during the second month of foetal development. The longer bones become ossified first.

Answer: beginning of development of pubic hair

Pubarche occurs in both males and females during puberty. It usually starts around the age of ten to fourteen years.

Answer: neonatologist

A neonatologist is a doctor who deals with newly born babies, particularly those with medical issues. Neonatology is a branch of pediatrics. A gynaecologist is a doctor dealing with the reproductive system of female humans. A neurologist is a doctor dealing with nerves and the brain while a nephrologist is a kidney specialist.

Answer: Lysosome

The enzymes secreted by the lysosomes in the head of the sperm cell help to decompose the wall of the ovum. The sperm then burrows its head in the opening formed and the egg cell becomes fertilised.