Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. The original United States Constitution is displayed at the United States National Archives and Records Administration in Washington D.C. Although this handwritten document is really old, it is crucial concerning the Supreme Court. The parts of the Constitution focused in this picture are the articles. Articles were paragraphs that addressed and set up the main parts of the United States government. What Article of the Constitution sets up the Supreme Court?
2. The first session the Supreme Court ever had was held on February 1, 1790. However, the Supreme Court didn't have an official building until 1935. During the 145 years the court had no building, the Supreme Court convened in different locations. From 1800 to 1935, the Supreme Court met in the Capitol Building, except for the years during the War of 1812.
3. In this painting by Gilbert Stuart, the first Chief Justice of the United States seems like an old man in a elaborate red and black robe. However, he was in his forties when he was appointed by George Washington. Before he was appointed to be a justice of the Supreme Court, he had been a part of the First and Second Continental Congresses, an ambassador to Spain and France, an author of the Federalist Papers, and Chief Justice of the New York Supreme Court. From the time President George Washington appointed him in 1789, to the time he resigned in 1795, this man served as Chief Justice for six years. One of the most famous cases he judged was Chisholm v. Georgia in 1793. Who was he?
4. This is a painting of the 4th Chief Justice of the United States. Among his facial appearances is this man's remarkably dark eyes and thin smile. He was appointed by John Adams in 1801, and served until his death in 1835. His most famous achievement as Chief Justice was establishing judicial review, which gave the Supreme Court the power to strike down laws that are unconstitutional. During the years he served the Supreme Court he heard the case of Marbury vs. Madison. Who was he?
5. The Danish ship, The Flying Fish, is an old merchant ship that was involved in a case concerning whether a president has the right to ignore a law written by Congress. In which of these cases was the Flying Fish arrested by the U.S.S Boston concerning an order of John Adams?
6. John Ross, a chief of the Cherokee Nation, brought the issue of Native American's rights to Supreme Court in the case Cherokee Nation vs. Georgia in 1830. In this case, the Cherokee Nation went to the Supreme Court and asked for the Supreme Court to nullify Georgia's laws that attempted to remove Cherokee's from their possessions. The Cherokee's claimed that Georgia's laws concerning the Cherokee people violated the U.S. Constitution, United States-Cherokee treaties, and United States intercourse laws. What did the decision did the Supreme Court make?
7. Franklin D. Roosevelt, the thirty second president of the United States, was famous for his attempted "court packing" plan, or the Judiciary Reorganization Bill of 1937, which would have allowed him to appoint an extra justice for every justice serving that was over seventy years old. His plan failed, but because he served so many terms as president, Roosevelt was able to appoint nine justices to the Supreme Court, the most ever appointed by a single president since George Washington. Which of these was NOT a Supreme Court justice appointed by President Roosevelt?
8. This Chief Justice that was a former president of the United States. His appearance is that of a jolly man, his fine white mustache standing alone, with his dark hair parted at the middle. He was nominated for Chief Justice by President Harding. One of his accomplishments as Chief Justice was convincing the United States Congress to build a building for the Supreme Court. He served the Supreme Court for seventeen years, and then retired on February 3, 1930 due to ill health. He died a month later on March 8, 1930. Who was he?
9. Fred. M. Vinson was the Chief Justice that preceded Chief Justice Harlan Stone. During his years as a justice Fred Vinson was a big man, with white hair and baggy eyes, who had aged much since his athletic years. In his younger years, Fred Vinson had played baseball for Centre College in Danville, Kentucky. Prior to his appointment, he had experience with all three branches of government, by serving his home state of Kentucky in Congress. Which president was he appointed by?
10. Chief Justice Vinson, who died of a heart attack, was succeeded by a giant of a man; he was over six feet tall and weighed over 200 pounds. He had striking blue eyes, and bright white hair. He was a strong republican and campaigned for President Eisenhower who nominated him to be Chief Justice in 1953. This justice was serving his third term as governor of California, when he was appointed to the Supreme Court. Who was he?
11. A vice principal searching through a student's purse: this event concerned the case was known as New Jersey vs. T.L.O. In this case a fourteen year old girl was accused of smoking in her high school. She was brought to the vice principal's office where she denied having ever smoked a cigarette and claimed she had never smoked one before. The vice principal demanded to see her purse, and upon searching her purse found cigarettes and other items that gave evidence that she had been marijuana dealing to other students. Which one of these did the Supreme Court rule concerning the case?
12. This associate justice was the first African American to sit on the Supreme Court. Though this picture shows the justice as an large old man, wearing thick glasses, with an expression outlined by a small mustache, it does not highlight his stunning accomplishments from his younger years. As a lawyer, he had argued thirty two cases in the Supreme Court, winning twenty nine of them. His most famous case, during his career as a lawyer, was Brown vs. Board of Education. Who was he?
13. This lady was the first woman to be a Supreme Court justice. She had been a schoolmate at law school with the sixteenth Chief Justice. She was in her fifties when she was appointed in 1981 by Ronald Reagan to be an associate justice and served the Supreme Court for over twenty four years. Who was she?
14. The sixteenth Chief Justice of the United States. His black justice robe has four gold stripes that he had added after being inspired by a theater production. This Chief Justice served as a law clerk underneath Associate Justice Robert Jackson. He was appointed to be an associate justice by Richard Nixon, and was later appointed Chief Justice by President Ronald Reagan. He served the Supreme Court until his death in 2005. Who was he?
15. A United States flag on fire surrounded by hostile protesters: though some consider it highly disrespectful for someone to light flames to this banner of pride in protest manner, the Supreme Court ruled that this is legal under the first amendment in the United States Constitution, which guarantees all individuals freedom of speech. Which of the following was a case concerning the burning of the flag as protest?
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