The Cathedrals of Euro 2020 Trivia Quiz

Answer: Holy Myrrhbearers Cathedral

The Holy Myrrhbearers Cathedral is a Russian Orthodox cathedral that serves as the seat of the Archbishop of Baku and Azerbaijan. It originally opened in 1909, but only served as a church until 1920, when it became one of the first places of worship to be closed by the Soviet Union. Following its closure, it served first as a warehouse, then a gymnasium, before it was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Thanks to financial assistance from the entrepreneur Aydin Gurbanov, the building underwent a significant restoration that was completed in 2000.

The following year, Patriarch Alexius II elevated the church to the status of a cathedral, replacing the Alexander Nevsky Cathedral that was destroyed in 1937.

The cathedral is dedicated to the Holy Myrrhbearers, the individuals who, in Eastern Orthodox tradition, were involved in Christ's burial, and discovered his tomb to be empty. The cathedral contains a reliquary to Saint Bartholomew, who is believed to have been crucified at a location close to the Maiden Tower in Baku.

Answer: Patriarchal Cathedral of Saints Constantine and Helen

The Patriarchal Cathedral of Saints Constantine and Helen, which is generally known as the Romanian Patriarchal Cathedral, is a Romanian Orthodox cathedral located adjacent to the Palace of the Patriarchate in Bucharest. The cathedral serves as the Metropolitan Church and seat of the Patriarch of All Romania, the head of the Romanian Church.

The building was constructed in the Brâncovenesc style between 1655 and 1659 on the orders of Constantin Șerban, Prince of Wallachia, which he ordered to be modelled on the monastery at Curtea de Argeș.

In his honour, the cathedral was subsequently dedicated to St Constantine the Great (his namesake), and St Helena (the mother of Constantine the Great). In 2010, construction of a new, bigger cathedral began to eventually replace the Romanian Patriarchal Cathedral.

The People's Salvation Cathedral was consecrated in 2018.

Answer: Co-Cathedral of Saint Stephen the King

The Co-Cathedral of Saint Stephen the King, generally known as St Stephen's Basilica, is a Roman Catholic cathedral building in Budapest that serves as the joint seat, alongside the Esztergom Basilica, of the Archbishop of Esztergom-Budapest, who is the Primate of Hungary.

The building was constructed between 1851 and 1905 in the neo-classical style. The long construction period is partly attributed to the dome collapsing in 1868, which necessitated demolishing everything and starting the work again from the ground up.

Originally intended to be dedicated to St Leopold, the patron saint of Austria (at the time of its construction, Hungary formed one half of the Austro-Hungarian Empire), at the last minute it was decided to change this, and led to the building instead being dedicated to St Stephen I, the first King of Hungary. St Stephen's right hand is located in a reliquary in the cathedral.

In 1993, in recognition of the church's status as a co-cathedral, the name of the archdiocese in which it sits was amended from Esztergom to Esztergom-Budapest.

Answer: Church of Our Lady

The Church of Our Lady is an Evangelical-Lutheran cathedral in Copenhagen that serves as the seat of the Bishop of Copenhagen, who is the primus inter pares ("first among equals") of bishops of the Church of Denmark. There has been a church on the site since 1187, when the Collegiate Church of Saint Mary was founded. Over the next several hundred years, several new buildings were erected on the site, while in 1530 a riot saw the church switch from being a Roman Catholic place of worship to a Lutheran church, with the name changed from St Mary's to Our Lady, retaining the dedication to the Virgin Mary without the appellation of "Saint".

In 1807, the building was destroyed during the British bombardment of Copenhagen, which led to the construction of a new cathedral in the neo-classical style. Work on this building began in 1817 and was completed in 1829.

The church was designated as Denmark's national cathedral in 1924 following the foundation of the Diocese of Copenhagen two years previously.

The building underwent a major renovation from 1977 to 1979, while a new organ was installed in 1995.

Answer: Cathedral Church of Saint Mary the Virgin

The Cathedral Church of Saint Mary the Virgin is an Episcopalian cathedral in Glasgow that serves as the seat of the Bishop of Glasgow and Galloway, one of the seven dioceses of the Scottish Episcopal Church. Construction of the building began in 1871, with completion of the spire in 1893, and consecration in 1894.

In 1908, the church was elevated to the status of a cathedral, having served as such for some years. Although, compared with other buildings of similar status, St Mary's is fairly young, it had to undergo a major period of restoration work between the mid 1980s and early 2000s, with the largest and most recent, a restoration of the Nave between 2000 and 2002 causing the cathedral to be closed to worshippers during the period.

Answer: Cathedral Church of Saint Paul the Apostle

The Cathedral Church of Saint Paul the Apostle, usually referred to simply as St Paul's Cathedral, is an Anglican cathedral in London that serves as the seat of the Bishop of London. A cathedral church dedicated to St Paul has existed on the site since the seventh century, when the first was built by Æthelberht, King of Kent.

The current cathedral was built to replace its predecessor, which was destroyed in the Great Fire of London in 1666. Construction of the building, designed by Sir Christopher Wren in the English Baroque style, began in 1669, with the cathedral consecrated in 1698 and completed in 1711. Since its completion, the cathedral has served as a major site of national celebration and worship, as well as being a symbol of London.

Answer: Cathedral of Our Dear Lady

The Cathedral of Our Dear Lady, generally known locally as the "Frauenkirche", is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Munich, which serves as the joint seat of the Archbishop of Munich and Freising alongside Freising Cathedral. A Romanesque church had existed on the site between the 12th and 15th centuries, forming part of the city walls.

This building was replaced by the current, Gothic building between 1468 and 1488, with consecration taking place in 1494. However, although the twin towers were completed alongside the church, a lack of money led to the planned pointed spires not being installed, with instead a pair of Byzantine style domes fitted in 1525.

The building suffered extensive damage during the Second World War, following which it was subjected to a major restoration that was finally completed in 1994.

Answer: Cathedral of the Most Holy Savior in the Lateran

The Cathedral of the Most Holy Savior and of Saints John the Baptist and John the Evangelist in the Lateran, generally known as the Lateran Basilica, is a Roman Catholic cathedral that serves as the seat of the Bishop of Rome, who also serves as the Supreme Pontiff of the Roman Catholic church (the Pope).

As Rome's cathedral church, it is the oldest and most senior of the city's four major papal churches, and therefore serves as the worldwide Mother Church of Roman Catholicism. The first church was dedicated by Pope Sylvester I in 324 AD, with the Pontiff remaining in residence at the adjacent Lateran Palace for almost 1,000 years until the Papacy was moved to Avignon in 1309. Upon its return to Rome, a new palace was constructed for the Pope next to St Peter's Basilica.

The cathedral was eventually reconstructed by Pope Sixtus V in the 16th century, while it underwent further renovations in the 18th century, with its modern appearance, in a mix of Neoclassical and Baroque styles, was completed in 1735.

Originally dedicated to Christ upon its consecration, the cathedral was subsequently dedicated to St John the Baptist in the 10th century, and St John the Evangelist in the 13th century.

Answer: Cathedral of Saint Mary of the See

The Cathedral of Saint Mary of the See is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Seville, which serves as the seat of the Archbishop of Seville. A place of worship has existed on the site since the 12th century, when Abu Yaqub Yusuf, the Almohad Caliph, ordered a mosque to be built.

This was dedicated in 1182 and completed in 1198, but only remained in its original incarnation until 1248 when, following the conquest of Seville by King Ferdinand III, the mosque was converted into a Christian cathedral. The building remained in place until the beginning of the 15th century, when it was decided to build a new cathedral to demonstrate the city's wealth. Construction of the new Gothic cathedral began in 1434, and was completed in 1506, although a significant reconstruction had to take place from 1511 to 1517 when the crossing collapsed.

The cathedral is one of the largest churches in the world, and is the largest in the Gothic style, while its free standing bell tower, the Giralda, dates from the Islamic period, as it was the minaret of the original mosque.

Answer: Cathedral of Our Lady of Kazan

The Cathedral of Our Lady of Kazan, known locally as Kazan Cathedral, is a Russian Orthodox cathedral in St Petersburg and serves as the seat of the Metropolitan of St. Petersburg and Ladoga. Construction of the cathedral, in the Neoclassical style, began in 1801 and was completed by 1811, with the building consecrated the same year.

The cathedral was dedicated to Our Lady of Kazan, an icon representing the Virgin Mary that was initially created as a protector of the city of Kazan, before it became a palladium, or protective image, of all Russia. Following the French invasion, the cathedral also came to be seen as a memorial to the Russian victory over Napoleon.

In January 1932, the cathedral ceased to be used as a place of worship, being reopened in November of that year as the "Museum of the History of Religion and Atheism". Following the fall of the Soviet Union, religious services resumed in 1992, and the building was returned to the Russian Orthodox Church in 1996.