1. Amphion, along with his twin brother Zethus, are figures in Greek mythology who became the rulers of which city-state?
From Quiz The A-Boats
Answer:
Thebes
Amphion and his brother Zethus were born after their mother, Antiope, was seduced by Zeus. In her shame, she fled to the city of Sicyon, where she married King Epopeus. However, she was returned to the city of Thebes by Lyceus, the ruler of the city; while on the way, she gave birth to Amphion and Zethus. The brothers were separated from their mother, who was given to Lyceus's wife, Dirce. For many years, Antiope was treated cruelly by Dirce, until she escaped and found her sons. The pair then killed Dirce, and forced Lyceus to give up the throne of Thebes. Amphion and Zethus then became rulers of Thebes, building fortifications around the citadel to defend the city.
The pair both married, with Amphion's wife Niobe having fourteen children. However, Niobe insulted the goddess Leto who, having only had a son (Apollo) and a daughter (Artemis), killed all of Niobe's children in revenge. At the death of his children, Amphion swore revenge and attempted to attack the temple of Apollo, with the god killing him. Zethus, having married Thebe, had one son; upon his death, Zethus killed himself. The pair were succeeded as King of Thebes by Laius, the son of Labdacus, a previous ruler of the city.