Do You Know What I Do? Trivia Quiz

Answer: Cell Wall

Along with plant cell wall is also present in fungus, bacteria and algae (included in Kingdom plantae).

Adjacent cells in plant tissue are held by the middle lamella that is chiefly made up of calcium and magnesium pectate.

Through plasmodesmata it also helps in cell to cell interaction.

Answer: Plasma Membrane

Plasma membrane is found in all type of cells. It is composed of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates.

A lot of theories have been given to explain structure of plasma membrane, but the most widely accepted model for the structure of plasma membrane is the fluid mosaic model given by Singer and Nicolson.

Due to its fluid nature it helps in cell growth, endocytosis, secretion, cell division and various other functions.

Answer: Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

This type of endoplasmic reticulum is free of ribosomes.

It is specialised for the synthesis of lipids and steroids.

It helps in detoxification of drugs and is associated with muscle contraction by release and uptake of calcium ions.

Answer: Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

This type of endoplasmic reticulum contains ribosomes.

Since ribosomes are sites of protein synthesis, they are found in cells involved in protein synthesis.

Answer: Golgi Apparatus

Golgi apparatus (or Golgi body) was discovered by Camillo Golgi in 1898.

It is present in eukaryotic cells. (There are some exceptions; for example, mature sieve tubes of plants and sperm cells of bryophytes.)

It also helps in the formation of plasma membrane during cytokinesis.

Answer: Lysosomes

Lysosomes are formed by a process of packaging in the Golgi apparatus. They are bound by a single membrane.

Lysosomes are rich in hydrolytic enzymes which are active in acidic pH.

The disappearance of larval organs during metamorphosis is due to autolysis done by lysosomes. Example- loss of the tail in tadpoles as they become frogs.

Answer: Mitochondria

They are called the powerhouse of cell because they help in cellular respiration.

Mitochondria are a double membranous structure. There are various infoldings on the inner membrane called cristae. Their function is to increase surface area for enzyme action.

Mitochondria also have their own genetic material.

Answer: Chloroplast

Chloroplast is a type of plastid which is green in color. It has a double membranous structure.

The stroma of a chloroplast contains enzymes for synthesis of carbohydrates and proteins and thus helps in photosynthesis.

Answer: Ribosomes

Since ribosomes were discovered by George Palade they are also known as 'Palade's particle'.

It is the only cell organelle that is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell. It has a membraneless structure.

Since it is specialised for protein synthesis, it is also known as the 'protein factory of the cell'.

Answer: Nucleus

The cell nucleus was discovered by Robert Brown in 1831.

The nucleus is a double membranous structure. It is the controller and director of the cell.

It is found in all type of cells except in mature mammalian red blood cells and mature sieve tube elements of plants.

It controls cellular metabolism and also contains the genetic information of the cell.