Which of the Sandwich Islands? 4th Part Quiz

Answer: O'ahu

Numerous professional surfing events are held at the Banzai Pipeline on the North Shore of the Island of O'ahu. There are three reef breaks off Ehukai Beach Park in Pupukea. They produce curls as high 20 feet! The beach was known locally as Banzai Beach when filmmaker Bruce Brown named the waves "the pipeline" for a film he shot in 1961. As spectacular as the surfing is, it can also be extremely hazardous; many surfers (e.g. Jon Mozo and Tahitian Malik Joyeux) have been killed at this location.

Answer: Hawai'i

In earlier days in Hawai'i, a person who violated a kapu (a law prohibiting something) could flee to a place of refuge (puʻuhonua) and thereby avoid death. The Puʻuhonua o Hōnaunau National Historical Park on the west coast of the Island of Hawai'i is such a place.

The park was established in 1955 as the "City of Refuge National Historical Park" but was renamed in 1978. The Hale o Keawe temple was originally built around 1650 and was reconstructed in the 1960s on the site. The bones of many Hawaiian chiefs were buried there; to prevent their looting, they were removed to the Royal Mausoleum of Hawaii in Honolulu in 1858.

Answer: O'ahu

The Schofield Barracks was the principal setting of James Jones' 1951 novel "From Here to Eternity" and the 1953 motion people based on it. Schofield Barracks is a U.S. Army facility near Pearl Harbor, on the Island of O'ahu. The post was founded in 1908.

Although the barracks were not a primary target of the Imperial Japanese naval air attack on Pearl Harbor, they adjoined Wheeler Army Airfield, which was a primary target, and therefore suffered considerable damage on 7 December 1941.

Answer: Hawai'i

Between Pāhala and Nāʻālehu on the coast of the Island of Hawai'i is Punaluʻu Beach. It is called Black Sand Beach in English because it is made of basalt which flowed as lava from eruptions in Hawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park.

When the hot lava reached the cold Pacific Ocean, it exploded and created sand. Punaluʻu is a beautiful beach to see but not a good beach for recreation. This is because it is rocky and dangerous, it has very cold fresh water which empties into it, and is a haven for endangered hawksbill turtles and green sea turtles who ought not be disturbed.

Answer: Hawai'i

There is not one single Mauna Kea Observatory but rather a cluster of independent observatories who occupy a land-use zone on Mauna Kea called "the Astronomy Precinct." The site is important to astronomers because of its high altitude and very dark skies, far from sources of light pollution. This enclosure is a way of balancing the scientific community's desire to use this mountain for telescopes and the Native Hawaiian community's desire to preserve its sacred sites.

Answer: O'ahu

Built as a Congregational Church, the Kawaiahaʻo Church in Honolulu on the Island of O'ahu is now an active member church of the United Church of Christ. It is one of the oldest standing churches in Hawai'i (established 1820; built 1836-1842). It was once the "national church of the Kingdom of Hawai'i" in the sense of being the worship place of the royal family. Built of cut coral, it is also known as the Great Stone Church. Services are conducted in part in the Hawaiian language.

Answer: O'ahu

Located on a high plateau between the Wai'anae and Ko'olau mountain ranges of the Island of O'ahu, the Wahiawa Botanical Garden covers 27 acres. The Garden is in relationship with the Honolulu Botanical Gardens. It specializes in plants which need a relatively cooler environment than some of the tropical plants grown at lower altitudes.

It was first cultivated in the 1920s as an experimental tree farm operated by the Hawaiian Sugar Planters Association. It was opened to the public as a botanical garden in 1957.

Answer: Hawai'i

The Hawaiian Volcano Observatory was located on the rim of the Kīlauea caldera on the Island of Hawai'i. Adjacent to this scientific institute, the Thomas Jaggar museum contained exhibits and viewing places for the public. In 2018, a series of thousands of earthquakes and violent eruptions of Kīlauea caused huge portions of the caldera to collapse. Both the observatory and the museum were damaged beyond repair.

The ground under the remaining building is so unstable that no replacement is likely to be rebuilt on the site.

The observatory's offices have been moved to Hilo; the museum's exhibits are being conserved.

Answer: Hawai'i

In Hilo, on the Island of Hawai'i, the Wailuku River drops about 80 feet (24 meters) into a large pool below. The falls are within Wailuku River State Park, providing public access, but much of the property around the falls and pool is private. Rainbow (Waiānuenue) Falls is a waterfall located in Hilo, Hawaii.

It is 80 ft (24 m) tall and almost 100 ft (30 m) in diameter. The falls are part of the Hawai'i State Parks. There is no fee to see the falls. The Hawaiian name of the falls is Waiānuenue which means rainbow water.

This is because, in the morning light, the sun shines through the mist created by the falling water and creates a beautiful rainbow. There are multiple goddesses known as Hina in Hawaiian mythology. One of these, Hina of Hilo, was the mother of Māui and is reputed to have lived in a cave at the base of Waiānuenue.

Answer: Hawai'i

In order to bring upland water to lowland sugar cane fields, John Hind formed an association with other growers (including Sam Parker, the grandson of John Parker, the founder of Parker Ranch) and began construction of an irrigation system in the Kohala District of the Island of Hawai'i.

The result was the Kohala Ditch, built in 1904. Seventeen Japanese labourers were killed in the construction which included rock-lined channels, tunnels blasted through rock, and concrete flumes over valleys. The original ditch was 23 miles long.

It was eventually reduced to 13.5 miles. Kayaks, inner tubes and rubber rafts have been used for tourists interested in "flumin' the ditch" but earthquake damage in 2006 stopped this. Much of the irrigation potential has been restored; "flumin' the ditch" has been reduced to a very few miles.