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Basic Linguistics | 10 Question Humanities Multiple Choice Quiz

Owing to the fact that my other linguistics quiz is too hard (!), I have decided to write a simpler one. It concentrates less on the theoretical side of linguistics.

A multiple-choice quiz by Matve. Estimated time: 5 mins.

Author
Matve

Time
5 mins

Type
Multiple Choice

Quiz #
98,997

Updated
Dec 03 21

# Qns
10

Difficulty
Tough

Avg Score
6 / 10

Plays
7699

Awards
Top 10% Quiz

Last 3 plays: james1947 (10/10), Guest 175 (3/10), tuxedokitten86 (7/10).

One at a Time - Single Page - Timed Game

Question 1 of 10

1. Firstly, to which of these language groups does English belong? Hint

Germanic

Slavonic

Romance

Baltic

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Question 2 of 10

2. In the sentence 'I took my big brown cat to the vet yesterday', which of the following does *not* appear? Hint

Conjunction

Adverb

Adjective

Preposition

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Question 3 of 10

3. True or false: English has no inflections for grammatical case.

True

False

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Question 4 of 10

4. What is defined as 'the study of sentence structure'? Hint

Semantics

Morphology

Syntax

Phonology

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Question 5 of 10

5. Three of these languages do not have definite articles. Which one does have a structure that serves the purpose of a definite article? Hint

Swedish

Latin

Russian

Finnish

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Question 6 of 10

6. In dialectology, what is the line on a map called which divides areas with different forms of a word? Hint

Isobar

Isomer

Isotherm

Isogloss

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Question 7 of 10

7. The sounds of a language change over time. English spelling does not always reflect this change: how was the 'gh' in 'night' originally pronounced? Hint

Like German 'ch' in 'ich'

Like English 'y' in 'yellow'

Like German 'ch' in 'ich', but voiced

Like English 'ch' in 'church'

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Question 8 of 10

8. Which of these words describes the changing of the form of a verb in order to reflect person, number, tense and mood? Hint

Inversion

Declension

Conjugation

Subordination

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Question 9 of 10

9. The combination of sounds 'ms-' is not acceptable as the beginning of a word or syllable in English. In which of these languages is it acceptable? Hint

French

Dutch

Finnish

Russian

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Question 10 of 10

10. And finally... Old Norse is almost the same as which modern Scandinavian language? Hint

Icelandic

Swedish

Norwegian

Danish

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Nov 16 2024 : james1947: 10/10
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Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts

1. Firstly, to which of these language groups does English belong?

Answer: Germanic

English belongs to the West Germanic branch, along with German, Frisian and Dutch. The North Germanic branch consists of Icelandic, Norwegian, Faroese, Swedish and Danish. East Germanic is extinct, the only attested member being Gothic.

2. In the sentence 'I took my big brown cat to the vet yesterday', which of the following does *not* appear?

Answer: Conjunction

'Big' and 'brown' are both adjectives, 'yesterday' is a temporal adverb and 'to' is a preposition. A conjunction would be something like 'and' or 'but'.

3. True or false: English has no inflections for grammatical case.

Answer: False

English has a genitive/possessive marker of sorts: it is the 's' that appears on the first noun in 'the butcher's shop', for example. In addition, personal pronouns are still inflected for case: in the phrase 'I hit him', 'I' is in the subjective/nominative and 'him' is in the objective/accusative (note the change in form if the roles are reversed: 'He hit me').

4. What is defined as 'the study of sentence structure'?

Answer: Syntax

Morphology is the study of the internal composition of words. Phonology is the study of sound systems (with reference to language rather than to the physical speech act), and semantics is the study of the meaning of words or sentences.

5. Three of these languages do not have definite articles. Which one does have a structure that serves the purpose of a definite article?

Answer: Swedish

In Swedish, the definite article is attached to the noun. So 'flicka', meaning 'girl', becomes 'flickan' when you want to say 'the girl'.

6. In dialectology, what is the line on a map called which divides areas with different forms of a word?

Answer: Isogloss

I hope that was easy, if only because the other options were rather improbable. An example of a possible isogloss would be one dividing areas of England that have a long back 'a' in 'bath', and those that have a short front one. Unfortunately, as sociolinguistics has shown, the picture is more complicated: such variation is social as well as geographical.

7. The sounds of a language change over time. English spelling does not always reflect this change: how was the 'gh' in 'night' originally pronounced?

Answer: Like German 'ch' in 'ich'

English did originally have this sound, believe it or not. Old English was very similar to German.

8. Which of these words describes the changing of the form of a verb in order to reflect person, number, tense and mood?

Answer: Conjugation

Declension applies to nouns and adjectives, rather than to verbs. Subordination and inversion are completely irrelevant!

9. The combination of sounds 'ms-' is not acceptable as the beginning of a word or syllable in English. In which of these languages is it acceptable?

Answer: Russian

It is found in the word 'mstit', meaning 'to get revenge', and also in the name of the cellist Mstislav Rostropovich. Finnish, by the way, does not allow syllable-inital consonant clusters at all. Many African languages are also like this, and so words like 'screwdriver' have been borrowed into languages as 'sukurudireva'!

10. And finally... Old Norse is almost the same as which modern Scandinavian language?

Answer: Icelandic

It's hardly changed since the Middle Ages. Norwegian, Swedish and Danish have all lost a lot of their inflectional morphology, so that, for example, all the present tense forms of a verb are now identical.

Source: Author Matve

This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor coolupway before going online.
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