A Right Royal English and Scottish Miscellany 1 Quiz

Answer: 10

William and his wife Queen Matilda (of Flanders) had 10 children Robert, Richard, William II, Henry I, Adeliza, Cecilia, Matilda, Constance, Adela and Agatha. Robert was designated as the heir to Normandy while Richard had died before the conquering of England. William II, who became King of England had no children. It was rumored that he was homosexual.

Answer: Matilda

Henry had at least twenty-two (possibly twenty-four) illegitimate sons and illegitimate daughters. But only two legitimate children: William and Matilda.
With Henry's only legitimate son (William) having died, Henry designated his legitimate daughter Matilda as heir and made the barons accept her as such. But after Henry's death the barons pretty much changed their minds accepting Stephen (grandson of William I) as their King.

Answer: Henry V Holy Roman Emperor

So for a time Matilda was Holy Roman Empress via her marriage to Henry V Holy Roman Emperor, German King and King of Italy. They didn't have any children.

Answer: 11 years

Eleanor of Aquitaine was previously married to King Louis of France, giving him two daughters. After Louis divorced Eleanor she married Henry who was eleven years younger than herself. She and Henry managed to have eight of their own children: William, Henry, Matilda, Richard I, Geoffrey, Eleanor, Joan and King John. Eleanor was aged forty-four when she gave birth to John.

Answer: One

John's elder brothers William IX Count of Poitiers, Henry "the Young King" and Geoffrey II Duke of Brittany all died before Richard I died. The only senior male claimants was Geoffrey's only son Arthur.

Answer: Memorial crosses

Edward had given orders that memorial crosses be erected at the site of each overnight stop between Lincoln and Westminster. Only three survive to this day but in their entirety.

Answer: 4

Edward married Isabella of France and they had four children: Edward III, John, Eleanor and Joan.

Answer: John and Edmund

The eldest son Edward the Black Prince had a son who became Richard II only to be deposed (and murdered) with no children of his own. Isabella, Joan, William, Lionel, Blanche, Mary, Margaret, Thomas, William and Thomas. Yes, they had more than two sons each named William and Thomas due to the high infant mortality rate.

Answer: Third

John of Gaunt's third marriage by Katherine Swynford had two children: John Beaufort and Joan Beaufort. From John Beaufort came son also named John Beaufort and from this son another John Beaufort. From the third John Beaufort's marriage to Margaret Beachamp came their only child Margaret Beaufort mother of Henry VII. From Joan's marriage to Ralph Neville came a daughter Cecilly Neville who married Richard of York grandson of Edmund of York who had a son the future Edward IV. King Henry VII, the only child of Margaret Beaufort, and Edward IV's daughter Elizabeth of York were married.

Answer: Lancaster and York

Elizabeth of York descended from The House of York while her husband Henry VII came from The House of Lancaster thus uniting The War of the Roses into the House of Tudor.
William
-> Henry I
-->Matilda
--->Henry II
---->John
----->Henry III
------>Edward I
------->Edward II
-------->Edward III
--------->John of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster, Edmund Duke of York
----------> (by John) John Beaufort II, Joan, (by Edmund) Richard of Cambridge
-----------> (by John II) John Beaufort III, (by Joan) Cecilly
------------> (by John III) Margaret Beaufort, Edward IV (by Cecilly)
-------------> (by Margaret) Henry VII =m= Elizabeth of York (by Edward IV)
--------------> (by Henry and Elizabeth) Margaret

Answer: 3

Margaret was first married to James IV of Scotland at the age of fourteen and had six children only one who lived to adulthood. Her second marriage was to Archibald Douglas 6th Earl of Angus with whom she had a daughter, Lady Margaret Douglas. But her second marriage ended in divorce. She married for the third and last time to Henry Stewart 1st Lord Methven.

Answer: Scotland and France

King James V married Marie de Guise (or Mary of Guise in some spellings) who was born in Northeastern France. Lady Margaret Douglas' husband Matthew Stewart Earl of Lennox was born in Scotland.

Answer: First cousins

Here's the breakdown of how Mary and Darnley are related to each other:
Henry VII =m= Elizabeth of York
-> Margaret Tudor = James IV of Scotland, = Archibald Douglas
-->James V of Scotland = Marie de Guise, Lady Margaret Douglas = Matthew Stuart Earl of Lennox
--->Mary of Scotland = Henry Stuart Lord Darnley

Answer: 7

Of their seven children: Henry, Elizabeth, Margaret, Charles, Robert, Mary and Sophia of whom only three survived to adulthood.

Answer: Elizabeth

James and Anne's eldest daughter, Elizabeth Queen of Bohemia, married Frederick V Elector of Palatine and had thirteen children by him.