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Quiz about Antibodies and Compatibility in Blood Banking

Antibodies and Compatibility in Blood Banking Quiz

This is more on blood banking for blood bankers. A little bit of history, but more on antibodies and compatibility testing.

A multiple-choice quiz by lateonenite. Estimated time: 4 mins.

Author
lateonenite

Time
4 mins

Type
Multiple Choice

Quiz #
258,195

Updated
Dec 03 21

# Qns
10

Difficulty
Average

Avg Score
6 / 10

Plays
1864

Awards
Top 35% Quiz

One at a Time - Single Page - Timed Game

Question 1 of 10

1. What blood type is compatible for the transfusion of red cells in an O Rh (D) negative individual? Hint

O Rh (D) positive

None of these

A Rh (D) negative

O Rh (D) negative

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Question 2 of 10

2. Each red cell expresses multiple antigens aside from the ABO and Rh (D) antigens. Antibodies can be formed against antigens presented to the immune system. These can be directed against antigens in the recipient or in the donor cells. What is an alloantibody? Hint

An antibody transmitted in the donor red cells to the recipient

An antibody to viral particles transmitted during an infection

An antibody formed against a person's own red cells

An antibody formed against the antigens of donor red cells in the recipient

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Question 3 of 10

3. Blue eyes are considered a recessive trait, whereby an individual must receive both recessive alleles to express blue eyes. A brown-eyed child may have one recessive allele that is masked by the dominant brown-eyed gene. In the ABO blood group system, O is the recessive trait, while A and B are dominant. If a child receives the A allele from one parent and B from the other, what will the child's blood group be? Hint

O - A and B cancel each other out

A - it is the stronger in dominance

AB - the alleles are codominant

B - it is the stronger in dominance

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Question 4 of 10

4. What blood type is compatible for the transfusion of plasma products in an O negative individual? Hint

AB positive only

All blood types

O negative only

Plasma products are never transfused

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Question 5 of 10

5. Which of the following antibodies in the maternal circulation does NOT give rise to haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)? Hint

Anti-K

All of these can cause HDN

Anti-A

Anti-Fya

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Question 6 of 10

6. 6. What is an autoantibody? Hint

An antibody formed against the antigens of donor red cells in the recipient

An antibody to viral particles transmitted during an infection

An antibody transmitted in the donor red cells to the recipient

An antibody formed against a person's own red cells

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Question 7 of 10

7. The Rh blood group system consists of five major antigens D, C, c, E and e. They are encoded by the genes RHD (D antigens) and RHCE (C, c, E and e antigens). RHCE alleles are in the forms ce, Ce, cE, and CE. Two of these are present in each individual (one from each parent). These alleles are expressed in a codominant fashion, so that an individual with the alleles ce/CE will express all four antigens (C, c, E and e). What antigens will an individual with the alleles Ce/ce express? Hint

C and c. The e is not strong enough.

There is not enough information in the question

e only as the C and c cancel each other out

C, c and e

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Question 8 of 10

8. Once an alloantibody is formed, the recipient can reproduce the antibody every time the antigen is reintroduced.

True

False

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Question 9 of 10

9. Who discovered the ABO blood group system? Hint

Karl Landsteiner

Philip Levine

Alex Weiner

R.E. Stetson

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Question 10 of 10

10. Red cells can also express antigens that are expressed on white cells.

True

False

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Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts

1. What blood type is compatible for the transfusion of red cells in an O Rh (D) negative individual?

Answer: O Rh (D) negative

Only O negative should be transfused in an O negative individual. O negative donors are the universal donors. This blood type can be given to people with any of the other blood groups without risking an adverse event. O positive can be transfused, however there is a risk of the recipient developing an antibody to the Rh D antigen.

A Rh (D) negative will cause an acute haemolytic transfusion reaction because the recipient's circulating anti-A will react with the transfused A cells. The patient will die if given group A red cells.

Answer: An antibody formed against the antigens of donor red cells in the recipient

Alloantibodies are formed against donor red cells after transfusion. This does not occur in all cases of transfusion. In the small proportion that it does occur the recipient will then require transfusion of antigen compatible units from then on. This is to prevent a reaction resulting in the destruction of the donor red cells.

Answer: AB - the alleles are codominant

The majority of alleles in blood group systems are expressed in a codominant fashion.

4. What blood type is compatible for the transfusion of plasma products in an O negative individual?

Answer: All blood types

All blood types are possible as compatibility of plasma products is the reverse of red cell compatibility provisions.

5. Which of the following antibodies in the maternal circulation does NOT give rise to haemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN)?

Answer: All of these can cause HDN

All of these antibodies when present as IgG can cross the placenta and attach to the foetal red cells. Once attached, the baby's red cells are destroyed, leading to foetal and/or neonatal anaemia and jaundice. Anti-K and anti-Fya are usually present as a result of immunisation from a transfusion of red cells or from a foetal bleed during a previous pregnancy.

It can result in severe haemolytic anaemia in the foetus, requiring an intrauterine transfusion. Anti-A is usually present as an IgG fraction in mothers who are group O.

This last type of HDN is not as severe as the other two.

6. 6. What is an autoantibody?

Answer: An antibody formed against a person's own red cells

Autoantibodies are formed against the person's own red cells. The antibody may exhibit pan-agglutinin tendencies, meaning that it is not directed against a specific antigen group or system, but a common antigen found on all red cells. A specific type is raised against the antigens of the Rh system.

Answer: C, c and e

If the allele is present, the protein will be expressed.

8. Once an alloantibody is formed, the recipient can reproduce the antibody every time the antigen is reintroduced.

Answer: True

This is an immune response. Antibodies are produced en masse during an infection by plasma cells. Once the infection has passed, these become memory cells which circulate in the blood stream and are reactivated by the reintroduction of the foreign antigen.

9. Who discovered the ABO blood group system?

Answer: Karl Landsteiner

Karl Landsteiner discovered the ABO blood group system by taking blood from colleagues in 1900 and mixing the sera from each with the red cells from the others. He demonstrated agglutination of blood cells from agglutinins in the sera. Luckily his colleagues were each A, B and O.

The O blood group was first called C, but demonstrated no agglutination with serum from A and B group blood thus was called ohne A and ohne B thus finally group O. (Ohne is german for without). R.E. Stetson is a real person - for anyone doubting - all of these men mentioned in this question discovered the Rh blood grouping system in 1939-1940.

10. Red cells can also express antigens that are expressed on white cells.

Answer: True

Some white cell antibodies are of clinical significance in transfusion medicine as the antibody formed can result in red cell destruction.

Source: Author lateonenite

This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor crisw before going online.
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