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Human Body Basics Part VIII Trivia Quiz

Version #8; This series focuses on the normal structure and function of the body, and attempts to inform and entertain.

A multiple-choice quiz by jstagamtome. Estimated time: 5 mins.

Author
jstagamtome

Time
5 mins

Type
Multiple Choice

Quiz #
308,412

Updated
Dec 03 21

# Qns
10

Difficulty
Tough

Avg Score
5 / 10

Plays
2325

Awards
Top 35% Quiz

One at a Time - Single Page - Timed Game

Question 1 of 10

1. Transitional epithelium is a type of cell which changes shape based on the needs of the organ. Which organ is the only one listed which contains this type of cell lining? Hint

bronchial tube

gallbladder

bladder

heart

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Question 2 of 10

2. Macrophages are multipurpose cells whose name means the "big eaters". What is the principal feature that distinguishes this cell from a monocyte? Hint

macrophages ingest

macrophages are found in the tissues

monocytes produce cytokines (chemical messengers)

only monocytes are ultimately derived from bone marrow

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Question 3 of 10

3. What is the function of the turbinate bones in the nasopharynx? Hint

warms the air

cleans the air

moistens the air

all of these

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Question 4 of 10

4. The predominant protein in the plasma is the same as the clear stuff around a chicken egg yolk.

True

False

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Question 5 of 10

5. Which of the following is most predominant in body cells? Hint

sodium

calcium

magnesium

potassium

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Question 6 of 10

6. What part of the normal mechanism for hemostasis (stoppage of bleeding) is the first to be activated in case of bleeding? Hint

factor 8 (antihemophilic factor)

prothrombin

fibrinogen

platelets

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Question 7 of 10

7. What is surfactant? Hint

a polysaccharide that thickens saliva

a lipoprotein complex that aids in breathing

a mucus complex that protects the stomach lining against ulcers

lipoproteins that moisturize and lubricate the eyeball

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Question 8 of 10

8. Which broad, flat muscle fans out from the junction of the esophagus and the stomach?

Answer: (One Word)

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Question 9 of 10

9. There is a valve between the small intestine and the large intestine.

True

False

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Question 10 of 10

10. More cranial nerves are involved in this function than any other. Hint

movement of the eyes

discrimination of taste

chewing of food

regulating the heart rate

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Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts

1. Transitional epithelium is a type of cell which changes shape based on the needs of the organ. Which organ is the only one listed which contains this type of cell lining?

Answer: bladder

The cells are rounded or cuboidal in an empty bladder and flatten out when the bladder stretches.

2. Macrophages are multipurpose cells whose name means the "big eaters". What is the principal feature that distinguishes this cell from a monocyte?

Answer: macrophages are found in the tissues

Monocytes that migrate into the tissues are called macrophages, and develop different functions from monocytes. Both monocytes and macrophages can ingest bacteria and tumor cells, as well as a variety of other substances. Both produce cytokines and both have precursor cells in the bone marrow. Macrophages retain the ability to divide, so not all macrophages were once monocytes.

3. What is the function of the turbinate bones in the nasopharynx?

Answer: all of these

The turbinates, or nasal conchae, create turbulence to allow the three above functions. This has the downside of creating considerable airway resistance and increases the work of breathing. This is why tracheostomies frequently enable persons with lung disease to breathe better, by bypassing the nasopharynx and decreasing the work of breathing.

4. The predominant protein in the plasma is the same as the clear stuff around a chicken egg yolk.

Answer: True

Albumin is the same protein in the chicken egg and human plasma. It is denatured when heated, and turns white.

5. Which of the following is most predominant in body cells?

Answer: potassium

The above elements are cations and have a positive charge. The gradient of electrical charge across cell membranes is an important factor in the function of many cell types. Potassium concentrations are about ten times as high as sodium within cells, whereas sodium concentration is about 35 times higher than potassium outside cells.

6. What part of the normal mechanism for hemostasis (stoppage of bleeding) is the first to be activated in case of bleeding?

Answer: platelets

The platelets clumping together in response to release of tissue factors is the first step in "plugging" a hole. After 20 minutes, this dissolves, and the body depends on the formation of a clot by way of the 12 blood clotting proteins to "back up" where the platelet plug was.

7. What is surfactant?

Answer: a lipoprotein complex that aids in breathing

Surfactant is produced in the alveoli (air sacs) and reduces surface tension in the lungs, and prevents the lungs from collapsing. Reducing surface tension makes the lungs less "stiff". The elasticity of the lungs is measured by a term called compliance.

More compliance is good, less is bad. One of the principal determinants of survival for premature infants is the presence of sufficient surfactant at birth.

8. Which broad, flat muscle fans out from the junction of the esophagus and the stomach?

Answer: diaphragm

A somewhat awkward arrangement in that up to one-sixth of people have a portion of the stomach come up into the chest, known as a hiatal hernia.

9. There is a valve between the small intestine and the large intestine.

Answer: True

The ileocecal valve regulates the passage of food residue between the two organs.

10. More cranial nerves are involved in this function than any other.

Answer: movement of the eyes

Cranial nerves three, four, and six (the oculomotor, trochlear, and abducens) are all involved in eye movement. Only one is involved in heart rate, the tenth (vagus), one in chewing, the fifth (trigeminal), and two in taste, seven and nine (facial and glossopharyngeal).

Source: Author jstagamtome

This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor crisw before going online.
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