Living Environment- High School Biology Quiz

Answer: adenosine triphosphate

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is produced by cells in the process of cellular respiration. In cellular respiration, glucose and oxygen in the presence of enzymes are transformed into carbon dioxide, water and ATP.

Answer: Down syndrome

Genetic disorders like Down syndrome can be detected by a karyotype, which is like a picture of paired chromosomes and clearly shows if there are any problems.

Answer: autotroph and producer

An autotroph is an organism that makes its own food, or a producer. Heterotrophs eat either autotrophs or other heterotrophs, making them consumers. An autotroph is not a carnivore because they don't eat meat, they make their own energy.

Answer: glucose + oxygen in the presence of enzymes = water + carbon dioxide + ATP

Cells can't use the glucose in food because the molecules are too large. Cellular respiration is used to turn the glucose into ATP, which cells can use for energy.

Answer: microorganisms

Infectious diseases occur when microorganisms like viruses, bacteria or fungi enter the body. Examples of infectious diseases are tuberculosis, influenza and smallpox.

Answer: Thymine

In the process of transcription, DNA is used to make RNA, a molecule that is used to make proteins, because DNA is trapped in the cell nucleus. The base uracil is substituted for thymine in RNA.

Answer: mitosis

Mitosis is a process where a cell divides into two new daughter cells, each with the same number of chromosomes as the original. All cells except reproductive cells, which use meiosis, go through this process.

Answer: cell with a nucleus

A eukaryotic cell has a nucleus and can be either a plant or animal cell. Other organelles include ribosomes, lysosomes, mitochondria and the cell membrane.

Answer: adds DNA to chromosome ends

Telomeres, the end section of chromosomes, get a little shorter every time the cell divides. Telomerase reverses this process, causing the cells to be able to divide more than is usually possible, which could be a good or bad thing. In theory, it could provide cells that never age, but researchers have found that telomerase is also a possible cause of cancer.

Answer: vacuole

Vacuoles are found in both plant and animal cells, but they are much bigger in plant cells. Ribosomes build proteins, golgi bodies package materials and mitochondria release energy so the cell can use it. I hope you liked my quiz!