Miscellaneous Health Quiz: Medical Terminology | 10 Questions

Answer: kidney

The nephron of the kidney includes the glomeruli, ascending and descending tubules, the Loop of Henle, and the Bowman's Capsule. The main purpose of these structures is to reabsorb water from the waste products entering the kidney from the bloodstream, thereby conserving vital fluid volume and concentrating the urine.

Answer: Newborn infants

Although originally named after Dr. Virginia Apgar, Apgar is now used as an acronym for the five criteria that newborns are evaluated with to determine if there is any trauma to the neonate at birth. They are (A)ppearance, (P)ulse, (G)rimace, (A)gitation, and (R)espiration. They are usually taken twice: once at one minute after birth and again at five minutes after birth.

Answer: Down Syndrome

Down Syndrome is actually caused by the presence of three chromosomal copies of number 21, instead of the normal pair. The chance of a fetus having Down Syndrome or other abnormal conditions such as neural tube defects, can be determined by an AFP, or alpha-fetoprotein test.

This test has a window of effectiveness, meaning it has only a narrow timeframe when it can be used to provide information on fetal development. It is not a 100 percent accurate test for any congenital problem, but it can provide information on the possibility of a developmental abnormality.

Answer: Escherichia

E. coli is a normal inhabitant of the human intestine. The problems happen when the bacteria enters the respiratory or circulatory systems because of ingesting contaminated food or by contact with waste materials. Improper hand washing is a common method of spreading E. Coli, so washing hands well and frequently is important, especially if one is a food handler.

Answer: Pink Eye

A very common condition, pink eye is usually indicated by a greenish or yellowish discharge or exudate, and an itchy, swollen, red appearance similar to having a cold or allergy. It is treated, usually with an antibiotic eyedrop, for about 7 to 10 days. Reinfection after the antibiotic treatment is not uncommon.

Answer: Motor Vehicle Accident

Motor Vehicle Accidents are a major cause of death in America, especially for young people. Too many of these accidents are alcohol related, and many of the unfortunate ones were not wearing seat belts, or were not wearing them properly. Be smart and drive safely.

Answer: Cerebrovascular Accident

Another name for a stroke.

Answer: A bursting forth of blood

The word hemorrhage means "a bursting forth of blood". Technically, hemorrhaging is an incorrect usage of the word. But it has become a colloquialism, or accepted use of a word by sheer force of numbers. The actual, correct usage would be "having a hemorrhage."

Answer: Infection by a parasitic worm

Dracunculosis is caused by the Guinea Worm, a native of Africa and Asia. It enters the body in water that contain the eggs of the worm. It hatches and migrates throughout the body, where it eventually finds its way to the tissues underlying the skin, usually on an arm or leg.

It then erupts through the skin in large bloody welts. Another interesting thing about this species is that they protect themselves from their hosts' immune systems by displaying surface proteins that mimic those of their host.

This prevents the host's immune system from identifying the worm as a foreign body. Another drawback to this involves removal of the worm from the welt. Attempting to remove the parasite too quickly may result in breaking the worm's body inside the host, resulting in a massive immune reaction to the worm which may overwhelm the victim, leading to anaphylactic shock, a very dangerous situation.

Answer: Aspirin

Vitamin C is Ascorbic Acid, or Sodium Ascorbate in anhydride form. Viagra is the trade name for sildenafil citrate, and Prozac is the trade name for Fluoxetine Hydrochloride.