Fascism : Part B Quiz | Government

Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts

1. Which pre-Fascist British author did Hitler describe as the "Prophet of the Third Reich"?

Answer: Houston Stewart Chamberlain

Houston Stewart Chamberlain (1855-1927) wrote "The Foundations of The Nineteenth Century" in 1899 and was another early proponent of the theory of Aryan superiority. He was wildly popular in early 20th century Germany and eventually became a German citizen. He married composer Richard Wagner's daughter, Eva.

2. Which Latin American dictator was NOT suspected of having or known to have Fascist sympathies?

Answer: Fulgencio Batista

Batista ruled Cuba from 1933-44 and from 1952-59; he was corrupt and repressive, but hardly a Fascist in the ideological sense. Maximiliano Hernandez Martinez was President of El Salvador from 1931-44 and was a brutal, murderous dictator as well as an ardent admirer of Fascism (he passed racial, "anti-Black" laws in El Salvador during his rule). Stroessner ruled Paraguay for 35 years and gave refuge to Nazis (including wanted war criminals) after World War II, including Josef Mengele. Trujillo was an all-around heartless dictator, but did show admiration for Fascism and used many of their tactics; he was also a rabid anti-Communist. Trujillo and Martinez were in power during WWII, but didn't dare support the Axis powers due to U.S. pressure.

3. Which French author developed the idea of the Aryan master race in the 19th century?

Answer: Arthur de Gobineau

Joseph Arthur Comte de Gobineau wrote "An Essay on the Inequality of the Human Races" in 1855 and pushed the theory of Aryan (white) supremacy. He was a French diplomat and spent much time in Iran. He was not the first to put forward the theory of "Aryan" supremacy, but certainly went a long way towards popularizing it and served as an influence for the likes of Hitler.

4. Which was the Fascist party in Hungary that came to power towards the end of WWII?

Answer: Arrow Cross Party

The Arrow Cross Party was founded and led by Ferenc Sz�lasi and was in power from October 1944 to January 1945; it was installed by Nazi Germany in order to replace Admiral Horthy as head of state (who was basically a Fascist dictator himself, but refused to help the Nazis exterminate Hungary's Jews).

The Arrow Cross party was heavily influenced by German Nazism and its flag was very similar to the Nazis'.

5. Fascism was, at least theoretically, opposed to both capitalism and Communism.

Answer: True

Fascism sought (in principle) to end the class struggle by an all-powerful state forcing capital and labor to "co-operate". It demonized Communism above all, but Mussolini's and Hitler's tirades against Western capitalism were also quite strong, though less consistent and more sporadic.

6. Which treaty formalized relations between Fascist Italy and the Vatican?

Answer: Lateran Treaty

The Lateran Treaty of 1929 recognized Catholicism as Fascist Italy's official religion and established the sovereignity of Vatican City. The Vatican signed the Reichskonkordat with Germany in 1933. (Since the annexation of the "Patrimony of St. Peter" (Diocese of Rome) by Italy in 1870 relations between the Italian state and the Vatican had been strained, not to say poor).

7. What was the name of wartime Croatia's Fascist movement?

Answer: Ustase

The Ustase was formed in 1929 as a nationalist organization which aimed to make Croatia independent from the rest of Yugoslavia. After Germany invaded Yugoslavia during World War II, it set up a puppet state in Croatia and put the Ustase in charge. Led by Ante Pavelic, the Ustase was among the most brutal Fascist movements in all of Europe, killing many Serbs and Jews.

The Ustase went underground after the war and it has been rumored that it continuied its activities clandestinely for decades after the war, including acts of terrorism.

8. Which of these Americans did NOT publicly espouse any pro-Fascist or anti-Semitic views?

Answer: Strom Thurmond

U.S. Senator Strom Thurmond did at one time support racial segregation, but never supported anti-Semitism or Fascism - in fact, he fought against the Nazis in WWII and participated in D-Day. Father Coughlin was a Catholic priest who was famous as a radio commentator in the 1930s and often made anti-Semitic and pro-Fascist comments. Automotive pioneer Henry Ford was a long time anti-Semite and was officially honored by Nazi Germany. Aviation hero Charles Lindbergh was opposed to U.S. participation in WWII and was believed to be sympathetic to Fascism.

9. Which British newspaper often expressed sympathy for Fascism during the 1930s?

Answer: Daily Mail

The "Daily Mail" supported the British Fascist, Oswald Mosley, until about mid-1934. The paper was also a supporter of appeasement of Nazi Germany and was sympathetic to Franco during the Spanish Civil War. Shortly before World War II began, the "Daily Mail" changed its editorial line considerably and encouraged Britain to ready itself for war.

10. Who began what would be known as "Austrofascism"?

Answer: Engelbert Dollfuss

Dollfuss was a friend of Mussolini's and headed a Fascist-style dictatorship in Austria starting in 1932. In 1934, he was murdered by Nazis who were trying to hasten Germany's annexation of Austria. Despite being a dictator of Fascist tendencies, Dolllfuss was anti-Nazi.

He was succeeded by Kurt Schuschnigg. Arthur Seyss-Inquart was installed as Chancellor of Austria by the Nazis immediately before they annexed the country in 1938. Soon afterwards, he was appointed Reich Governor of Austria.

Source: Author billad

This quiz was reviewed by FunTrivia editor bloomsby before going online.
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Fascism : Part B Trivia Quiz

This quiz deals not only with Fascism as such, but also with Nazism, "Austrofascism" and the 19th century theories that eventually fed the development of European right-wing extremism in general. It also touches briefly on Fascism outside Europe.

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