It's Not All in Your Head Trivia Quiz

Answer: Integumentary

The integumentary system includes the outer layer of the body. The skin, hair, nails, glands and skin nerves are all a part of this system.

Vitiligo is an autoimmune condition where the skin loses pigment, resulting in the loss of skin color. It can occur in patches or larger areas. The body attacks and destroys the cells (melanocytes) that produce skin pigment, turning the pigment white.

Several factors are taken into account when health professionals treat the condition. The patient's age, size, and the location of the area of the skin affected, and how quickly the condition spreads all play a role in how vitiligo is treated. Corticosteroid cream, pills or injections can help. Calcineurin inhibitor ointments and light therapy are among the other methods used to treat vitiligo.

Answer: Integumentary

Eczema, known medically as atopic dermatitis, is a chronic skin condition that produces dry, itchy, cracked skin. It is the most common inflammatory skin condition and begins in childhood. Although researchers don't know what causes it, they have discovered that genes, environment and the immune system play a role.

Moisturizers and ointments containing calcineurin inhibitor can help. It's always best to see a dermatologist or health care provider for a complete diagnosis.

Answer: Circulatory

The circulatory system includes the heart, blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, glands, and lymph. Atherosclerosis is a buildup of plaque in the walls of the arteries, also known as hardening of the arteries. If not treated it can lead to blood clots. Many people aren't even aware they have this condition until they suffer a stroke or heart attack.

Treatment involves eating foods low in saturated fat, trans fat, cholesterol, sodium and sugar. Exercise, maintaining a healthy weight, and management of high blood pressure and high cholesterol can help.

Surgical options may include angioplasty, atherectomy, stent, or coronary artery bypass grafting.

Answer: Nervous

Your brain, spinal cord, and nerves all make up the nervous system. This internal system coordinates the activities of muscles and organs and receives input from sense organs.

Parkinson's is a degenerative brain disorder that affects the motor and non-motor skills of the nervous system. It can result in rigid muscles, poor balance, changes in speech and slowed movements. Genetics, age, and environmental factors such as exposure to toxins play a role in developing Parkinson's. Men are more likely to develop this disease than women. Actor Michael J Fox, who has lived with Parkinson's Disease for decades, has created a foundation for seeking a cure.

FDA approved drugs and exercise are used in the treatment of the disease. Medication seems to help with physical activity and mental alertness for some patients.

Answer: Endocrine

The endocrine system is a network of glands that produces and secretes hormones, or chemical substances. The hormones produced by the the endocrine system regulate metabolism and reproduction.

There are four main types of hypothyroidism: primary, secondary, tertiary and subclinical. Primary impacts your thyroid and causes it to create low levels of thyroid hormones. Secondary occurs when a person has an underactive pituitary gland. Tertiary happens when a structure in the brain known as hypothalamus doesn't produce enough thyrotropin-releasing hormone(TSH) which in turn doesn't allow the pituitary gland to make enough TSH, or thyroid stimulating hormone. Subclinical hypothyroidism occurs if you have slightly elevated TSH levels. It usually goes away on its own.

Answer: Circulatory

High blood pressure, or hypertension, happens when the force of blood flowing through blood vessels is too high. That force of blood which pumps blood from the heart to the arteries is known as systolic pressure. Diastolic blood pressure is when the heart rests between heart beats. Continual high blood pressure can lead to heart attacks or strokes.

Eating a heart-healthy diet with less salt, exercising regularly, and taking angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and diuretics can treat the condition.

Answer: Endocrine

Diabetes develops when glucose levels in the body are too high. In other words, the pancreas doesn't produce enough insulin. When the pancreas isn't making enough insulin, or your body isn't using it properly, glucose builds up in the bloodstream resulting in hypoglycemia, or high blood sugar.

Type 1 diabetes attacks and destroys insulin-producing cells in the pancreas. Type 2 diabetes manifests when the body doesn't make enough insulin and/or your body's cells don't respond normally to the insulin. Other forms of the condition include gestational, neonatal and mature onset.

Answer: Nervous

MS is an autoimmune disease that affects the brain and spinal chord. If the protective sheath (myelin) that covers nerve fibers is attacked by the immune system, the result can cause communication problems between the brain and the rest of the body. The disease affects people differently. Some patients lose the ability to walk on their own while others may experience long periods of remission.

While there is no cure for Multiple Sclerosis, there are ways to treat it. Corticosteroids, such as methylprednisolone, are injected into a vein. The drug prevents white blood cells from leaving the lymph nodes and entering the blood, brain, or spinal cord. It's generally prescribed for three to five days. Oral treatments, such as dimethyl fumarate, are used to treat relapsing forms of MS. Teriflunomide and Cladribine are also used in treatment.

Answer: Circulatory

Angina pectoris, or angina, results in reduced blood flow to the heart. The four types of angina are stable, unstable, variant, and refractory.

Stable angina is the most common. Various strenuous activities can trigger it. Unstable angina is more unpredictable and can occur even when a person is at rest. It means the heart isn't getting enough oxygen. Variant angina is caused by a spasm in the heart's arteries. Severe chest pain can result. Refractory is a chronic form of angina. Anticoagulants, blood pressure and cholesterol medications as well as coronary artery bypass are used to treat angina.

Answer: Nervous

The brain disease known as epilepsy occurs when a burst of uncontrolled electrical activity in the brain cells, similar to a lightening strike, causes a seizure. Epilepsy disrupts the rhythmic electrical impulse pattern of the brain which can result in loss of consciousness, sensations, emotions and muscle movements. Recurring seizures is the main symptom of epilepsy.

There are a number of factors that contribute to this disease. Genetics, head injuries, brain infections, and metabolic disorders can all have an effect. Anti-seizure medications and even surgery are some treatments for epilepsy.

Answer: Integumentary

The ring-shaped rash that forms on the skin and produces itchiness and scaliness is known as ringworm. The name comes from its appearance and it is caused by a fungus. It can spread by direct skin-to-skin contact with an infected person or animal. Even infected soil or objects touched by a human or animal with ringworm can cause it to spread. People who play high-contact sports or have a weak immune system are more at risk of infection.

Anti-fungal creams and/or oral medications can help clear up the fungus.

Answer: Nervous

The carpal tunnel is a space created by the natural arch of the wrist. It's a passageway in the bones that lets tendons, ligaments and nerves reach the hand. When repetitive strain injuries, arthritis, or wrist fractures put pressure on the median nerve that runs through the carpal tunnel, it can result in Carpal Tunnel Syndrome.

Physical therapy, wearing a splint, and NSAIDs(non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs) can help manage pain. Sometimes carpal tunnel surgery is needed.

Answer: Circulatory

The aorta is the largest blood vessel in the body. It leads away from the heart, down through the abdomen to the rest of the body. An abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) is a swelling (aneurysm) of the aorta. This can be a life-threatening condition. A TAA, or abdominal aortic aneurysm, occurs in the abdomen. Smoking, hardening of the arteries, high blood pressure and genetics all can contribute in developing this condition.

If a person develops chronic pain in the abdomen or side of the bell or severe back pain, it's important for them to see a doctor. An MRI or CT scan, certain medications, and sometimes surgery can help with diagnosing and managing the disease. A large aneurysm is dangerous and is likely to lead to death if it bursts.

Answer: Endocrine

This rare hormonal disorder occurs during adulthood. The pituitary gland, located at the base of the brain, produces too much growth hormone which causes the bones to grow larger. A person who suffers from this disorder will notice that their hands and feet as well as facial features grow in size.
Actor Fred Gwynne and professional wrestler André the Giant both had this disorder.

Surgery, medication and radiation therapy are all used in the treatment of acromegaly.

Answer: Endocrine

Addison's Disease is a rare chronic condition where the adrenal glands, located on top of both kidneys, don't produce enough of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone. Cortisol is an important hormone as it helps to maintain blood pressure, heart function, and sugar levels. Aldosterone is a hormone that affects the balance of sodium and potassium in the blood. This controls the amount of urine that the body produces which in turn controls blood volume and blood pressure.

Blood tests, ACTH stimulation test, insulin-induced hypoglycemia test and a CT scan can all diagnose Addison's. Treatment includes replacing cortisol with the synthetic drug hydrocortisone and aldosterone with the drug fludrocortisone.

Answer: Integumentary

This often painful autoimmune condition affects the skin and can spread throughout the body if not treated. Plaque psoriasis is the most common type of this condition because the buildup of skin cells that produces the thick scaly areas is called plaque. The failure of the immune system to destroy certain bacteria can cause psoriasis. The immune system mistakes healthy cells for bacteria and creates the inflammation and swelling typical of psoriasis.

While psoriasis and eczema have similar symptoms, plaque psoriasis causes areas of the skin to become thick and scaly. Eczema produces dry bumpy skin. Although there is no cure for this skin condition, moisturizing the skin daily, phototherapy(light therapy), antibiotics, and medications that can be injected or taken intravenously are all used in treating psoriasis.