Neurological Disorders Trivia

1. What type of disease is Spinal Muscular Atrophy?

From Quiz Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Answer: Neuromuscular

A neuromuscular disease is one in which the motor neurons and muscles are affected by being destroyed. It involves the peripheral nervous system (PNS) and parts of the central nervous system (CNS).

From Quiz Brain Drain

Answer: Autism

A study, done by AutismSpeaks.org, states that about 1 in 62 children worldwide are affected by some form of the disorder. Early ways to identify the spectrum in children is to look at how they interact with other humans. A typical child will respond well to outside stimuli and interact with others as it develops. A typical autistic child tends to prefer to be alone, and doesn't interact with children or adults as easily as their peers. While there are some studies that show autism to be a genetic condition, and others that show it to be an environmentally caused one, the definitive answer eluded researchers in the field into the early 21st century.

From Quiz Understanding Seizures

Answer: Electrical

Electricity in the human body differs from the electricity we think of as running our machines. In very simple terms, in our bodies there is an attraction between neutrons, protons, and electrons that is generated by the chemicals we ingest, mostly through food such as oxygen, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, and others. These exchanges regulate our heart beat, signal our muscles, and are part of the functioning of the body. A sudden surge in electrical output in the brain can result in a seizure.

From Quiz Dementia--Facts and Treatment

Answer: Alzheimer's dementia

Aloysius Alzheimer was a German psychiatrist and neuropathologist and director of an asylum for the mentally ill. After observing the behavior of one of his patients for several years, he was puzzled by the memory loss and other cognitive findings. In 1906 when the patient died, Alzheimer and other physicians examined his brain. Placing sections on slides for the microscope, he was able to divine patterns of amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. The results were presented later that year. Alzheimer's is the name of only one form of dementia but is the most common, therefore Alzheimer's has become, in popular parlance, the same as dementia. Fundraising for dementia is often under the cover of Alzheimer's. There are seven stages of Alzheimer's that apply generally to other types of dementia: Alzheimer's symptoms vary. The stages below provide a general idea of how abilities change during the course of the disease. Stage 1: No impairment Stage 2: Very mild decline Stage 3: Mild decline Stage 4: Moderate decline Stage 5: Moderately severe decline Stage 6: Severe decline Stage 7: Very severe decline

From Quiz Caring For Alzheimer's

Answer: Yes and no. Alzheimer's is a sub-category of dementia.

Dementia is an umbrella term covering a number of diseases that involve memory loss. Alzheimer's is one of these but not generally associated with the socially inappropriate or aggressive behaviour that can occur in some other forms of dementia, like FTD (Frontotemporal dementia). It now seems to be a trend among health care workers to use 'dementia' and 'Alzheimer's as synonyms; however to most people, the 'D' word is way too close to 'demented'. When Louise tried to get a travel agent to sell her a plane ticket for her mother who had dementia, she got nowhere. When she called an hour later and inquired about buying a ticket for someone with Alzheimer's, there was no problem. So Louise recommends using 'dementia' with Mindy's doctor, but 'Alzheimer's' with everyone else.

From Quiz I Forgot to Remember to Forget

Answer: Early-onset dementia

Early-onset dementia is the term used for any kind of dementia that occurs before the age of 65. While dementia is usually a disorder of the elderly it can occur as young as the thirties. The earlier the disorder presents, the faster the progression. There is also believed to be a strong genetic predisposition to most forms of early-onset dementia.

From Quiz Tourettes - A Ticcing Timebomb?

Answer: Childhood

For the vast majority, Tourette's (TS) starts in childhood, the average age being around 7 or 8 years old. Some grow out of it but for others it is a lifelong condition. Because there is no standard test, though, it could be many years before a diagnosis is made.

From Quiz Brain Attack

Answer: Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)

Cerebro pertains to cerebrum,(a part of the brain). Vascular refers to blood vessel. A cerebrovascular accident, therefore, is a condition which results from sudden injury or occlusion of a blood vessel supplying the brain. Cerebral palsy results from brain damage during pregnancy or around the time of birth. Myocardial infarction and angina pectoris are heart problems resulting from inadequate oxygenation of heart muscles.

From Quiz Alzheimer's disease and other types of dementia

Answer: A medical condition that results in the loss of mental facilities, including memory, language use and judgement.

"Dementia" is a term that refers to a variety of medical conditions that lead to the loss of mental functioning. The most recognizable symptom is usually memory loss, although other mental processes can be involved, such as language, judgement and mood.

From Quiz Mad Cow Disease

Answer: An abnormal protein

It is theorized that the prions of mad cow disease are abnormally folded, and somehow induce normal nerve cell proteins to fold abnormally as well. The abnormal proteins do not work as they should in the nerve cell, and tend to clump together. The body's immune cells attempt to remove them, but cannot break them down. Eventually, the cells rupture and spread the prions even further. This process also leads to the nerve tissue becoming riddled with tiny holes.

From Quiz It's All in Your Head!

Answer: subdural hematoma

Subdural hematoma is a blood clot located under the protective structure called the dura mater. Clinically, it looks like a brain tumor or acute stroke with focal paralysis, confusion, and sometimes coma. CAT scan shows the difference. Multiple sclerosis starts with physical symptoms that appear and disappear unpredictably. If the brain's mood-regulating centers are affected, the patient may also have mania, depression, or unpredictable rage. MRI shows one or more areas of brain involvement and is the diagnostic test needed. Frontal lobe tumors disturb the patient's judgment and impulse control, resulting in behavioral changes. These get worse over time. MRI scan will show the tumor responsible. Lupus causes inflammation of body structures, including the skin, kidneys, and brain. Blood tests show antibodies that attack the involved tissues. When these antibodies attack the brain, they can cause insomnia, somnolence, mood swings and sometimes delirium. These diseases are still misdiagnosed in 2003, because many patients (and family doctors!) assume that mood, thought, and behavior changes are always due to stress or to primary psychiatric disorders. Tragically, this belief can result in missed opportunities for early diagnosis and treatment.

From Quiz Broca's Aphasia

Answer: left hemisphere, anterior to the Sylvian fissure

The left hemisphere of the brain seems to control most language functions, including speaking, writing and comprehension. The right hemisphere handles more spatial things, including the recognition of letters and melodies. Broca's area - which is, specifically, the third frontal convolution in the left hemisphere - is in a region of the brain responsible for most of a person's language functions.

From Quiz Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Answer: Before six months

SMA is the biggest cause of infant death, and type I is the most serious. It is progressive and affects the muscles that are used for walking, as well as for breathing, along with many other things.

From Quiz Brain Drain

Answer: Tay-Sachs Disease

According to the National Institute of Health, Tay-Sachs Disease patients rarely live past age four. This disease causes infants to go blind, become deaf and stop being able to swallow within months of being born. The disease doesn't show signs of being present for the first few months of life, but once it's known, the mental and physical abilities of the child decline rapidly. Eventually full paralysis sets in, and the child typically dies within months of diagnosis.

From Quiz Understanding Seizures

Answer: Psychological Non-Epileptic Seizures

Researchers have found that many of the non-epileptic seizures are psychological in nature. Although seizures can be caused by alcohol/drug abuse or high fevers, for instance, many have their roots in psychological issues. Some data suggests that many of those diagnosed with epilepsy are not properly diagnosed. This can lead to inappropriate treatment and costs in time and money. PNES is often placed in a similar category with fibromyalgia and temporomandibular joint disorders (TMJ) as difficult to diagnose and treat and where there is controversy among professionals regarding whether or not the illness even exists. A recent trend is to refer to the condition as 'spells' rather than epilepsy.

From Quiz Dementia--Facts and Treatment

Answer: Frontal temporal dementia

Where Alzheimer's strikes the brain in its entirety, frontal temporal is an atrophy of the frontal temporal lobe of the brain. A large percentage of these cases are identified before age 65, sometimes in the 40s, and thus are devastating to individuals and their families in their prime years of productivity. Frontal temporal dementia or 'mixed dementia' is a broad term for a diverse group of uncommon disorders that strike the frontal and temporal lobes of the brain associated with personality, behavior, and language.

From Quiz Ouch! My Funny Bone!

Answer: Ring and little fingers

The ulnar nerve has two sensory branches, the palmar branch and the dorsal branch, both of which arise from the main ulnar nerve just above the wrist. The branches provide sensation to the skin of the little finger and half of the ring finger (also called the fifth and fourth digits), and the area of the palm beneath these fingers. Therefore if the nerve is damaged, these areas will lose sensation and/or become tingly. Sensation is most distinct in the sides of the fingers, so the clinician usually tests the sensory effects of ulnar nerve damage by touching the sides of the fourth and fifth digits.

From Quiz Asperger Syndrome: Obsolete Diagnosis?

Answer: Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Notwithstanding the debate around the diagnosis itself, the changing nomenclature reflects changing perspectives. When I authored the original version of this quiz in 2006, the term "neurodiversity" was not in common use but 18 years later, when penning v2.0 of this quiz, the term had become well-known and has proven to be one of the more successful expressions of this topic. Maybe there'll be a v3.0 some time in the 2050s which will capture yet more decades of change! Autistic Spectrum Disorder was the term used in DSM-5 to create a spectrum from predecessors such as classical autism and Asperger syndrome amongst others.

From Quiz Insomnia

Answer: Primary Insomnia

This can definitely occur and many times can be cured with a mind over matter attitude. I made up the term "No-Fault" Insomnia.
Secondary Insomnia is due to a health condition such as depression, cancer, arthritis, or even alcohol abuse. You can find more on this topic on this web page: http://www.4woman.gov/faq/insomnia.htm

From Quiz Broca's Aphasia

Answer: M. Tan

M. Tan's true identity is unknown; he was called "Tan" by the workers at the hospital where he died, because "tan" was the only thing he ever said. (He thus suffered from severe Broca's aphasia.) When he died in 1861, Broca dissected his brain and found a tumor in the left hemisphere (presumably the cause of the aphasia). This fact, as well as data from subsequent autopsies of aphasics, led Broca to conclude that "the faculty for articulate language" was housed in the left hemisphere of the brain. This was the first instance of a language disorder providing clues about how language is produced in the brain; this would later become a fruitful field of study in linguistics.

From Quiz Spinal Muscular Atrophy

Answer: A gene mutation

Spinal Muscular Atrophy is caused by a mutation in the SMN1 (spinal motor neuron gene 1). It is an encoding of the SMN protein and is part of chromosome 5q13. It was believed that both parents had to be carriers in order for the child to have SMA, but newer research shows it may be possible for a child to get it when only one parent carries it.

From Quiz Dementia Awareness

Answer: Parkinson's Disease

Lewy Bodies, named for the doctor who first discovered them, are tiny deposits of alpha-synuclein protein in the brain. They cause a loss of connections between the nerve cells, and lower the levels of dopamine and acetylecholine production. It is the position of the Lewy bodies within the brain that causes DLB or Parkinson's disease. People with Parkinson's can go on to develop dementia later in life - this is called Parkinson's Disease dementia.

From Quiz Brain Drain

Answer: Alzheimer's Disease

Alzheimer's Disease doesn't usually show up until a patient is in their 60s, though it has been known to develop earlier in extreme cases. Patients with the disease eventually must be under total care because they may wander and forget where they live. Early on with the disease patients forget things like how to brush their teeth, or comb their hair, or even to eat and drink. The disease is more likely to be diagnosed in a person with a family history of it, but people with no family history of it can also suffer from it.

From Quiz Understanding Seizures

Answer: Primary Care Physician or Family Doctor

The Primary Care Physician is the best choice. One, the PCP can rule out any physical cause for the symptoms. Secondly, the PCP can make referral to qualified professionals for further evaluation and diagnosis and help in routing you through the myriad of services. In most cases the initial step is referral to a PCP who knows the patient best. The PCP may be able to rule out medication side effects, alcoholism, thyroid problems, depression, and vitamin deficiencies. In preparation for the doctor's visit make a list of concerns, bring a list of medications, and ask questions until you understand.

From Quiz Mysterious Multiple Sclerosis

Answer: a fatty substance that surrounds and protects nerves

Myelin functions much like the rubber or plastic insulation around an electrical wire; damage to it reduces the ability of the nerve to transmit accurate messages.

From Quiz Ouch! My Funny Bone!

Answer: Flexor carpi ulnaris

Often people are intimidated by the long Latin names of some muscles, but actually they are useful as they can tell you information about where the muscle is and what it does. Flexor carpi ulnaris (FCU) is a flexor of the wrist ("carpi") on the ulnar side ("ulnaris") or on the little finger side. When its actions are combined with flexor carpi radialis (FCR), the wrist flexes, and there are analogous extensors, i.e. extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU), extensor carpi radialis longus (ECRL) and extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB). For sideways movements of the wrist, called radial deviation and ulnar deviation, these muscles work in particular combinations. For radial deviation, the radial flexor and extensors contract, while for ulnar deviation, the ulnar flexor and extensor contract. Because the ulnar flexor (FCU) is supplied by the ulnar nerve, if this nerve is damaged, ulnar deviation is no longer possible, and the wrist is pulled toward the radial side.

From Quiz Chiari: the Rare Neurological Disorder

Answer: 4 (5 if you include type 0)

Type 1 is the most common. Type 2 is also known as Arnold Chiari malformation. Some sources erroneously use "Arnold Chiari malformation" for all Chiari malformations.

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Last Updated Nov 16 2024 5:46 AM

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