Beauty is in the Eye of the Beholder Quiz

Answer: Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso

The Cubism art movement began in France about 1907 and was pioneered by the artists Pablo Picasso and Georges Braque. The style gets the name Cubism because the items represented in the pictures were made out of cubes and other geometrical shapes. Picasso and Braque developed this style because they believed artists should not just present realistic artwork but show every part of the whole subject. Prominent Cubist painters include Juan Gris, Albert Gleizes, Jean Metzinger, and Andre Lhote.

Answer: Salvador Dali

Salvador Dali was born in Spain in 1904. He explored many different types of art before becoming interested in Surrealism, an art movement that translates as "above realism". It was believed that the subconscious mind held the key to finding the truth. He painted "The Persistence of Memory" in 1931, possibly the most famous painting of the Surrealist movement.

Answer: Expressionism

Expressionism is a term which refers to artworks in which the image of reality is distorted to express the inner feelings and ideas of the artist. The movement started in Germany in the early 20th century and the term Expressionism was introduced by the Czech art historian, Antonin Matejcek, in 1910 to denote the opposition of the movement to the Impressionist art movement. Prominent artists in this movement include Wassily Kandinsky and Paul Klee.

Answer: Regionalism

Regionalism developed in the late 1920s and early 1930s in America and centered around artists living in the Mid-West states such as Kansas and Missouri. The work was generally rural and agricultural in nature and developed to evoke the atmosphere of life in the country. Artists belonging to this movement include Grant Wood and Thomas Hart Benton. Grant Wood painted what is possibly the most famous painting of this genre, "American Gothic", in 1930.

This depicted a stern looking farmer grasping a pitchfork standing next to his wife in front of a simple wood framed house.

Answer: Op-Art

The Op-Art movement started in the 1960s and the Op-Art artists used shapes, colours and patterns to create patterns and images that looked like they were moving or blurring. The British painter and designer Bridget Riley was one of the main protagonists of this movement, creating many paintings using geometric shapes set out in intricate repetitive patterns to challenge the viewers perception of the work.

Answer: It rejected social and artistic conventions of the time and focused on the absurd.

Dadaism was influenced by the social and political context of the early 20th century. While working during the time of the Weimar Republic in Germany, Hannah Hoch addressed issues of gender and sexuality. She created photomontages using text and images from newspapers and magazines, placing images to produce a dichotomy and to question and undermine conventions.

In later years, her work was censored by the Nazi party, but she resumed after the fall of the Third Reich.

Answer: Andre Derain

Fauvism was founded by André Derain and Henri Matisse near the beginning of the 20th century. The style was characterised by harsh brushstrokes and strong colours. The colours of their paintings were not intended to capture the natural colours of their subjects.

Instead, complementary colours were used side by side to enhance the apparent brightness of the paint. The colours were bold and the subjects' forms were simplified. Because of this, some Fauvist paintings appeared to be quite abstract.

Answer: Richard Hamilton

Richard Hamilton once wrote that pop art was "witty", "gimmicky", and "designed for a mass audience". He believed that there was no such thing as 'high art', but that all art was equally valid. Artists like Hamilton used popular subjects and images that were relevant to life in the mid-20th century. Some of his work, such as "Just What Is It That Makes Today's Homes So Different, So Appealing?" was a collage constructed from magazine images.

Answer: Magic Realism

The original Magic Realism movement emerged in Germany in the 1920s. It combined traditional painting techniques with surreal elements of fantasy or dreams. One of the most famous artists of this movement was the Mexican artist Frida Kahlo, who derived a lot of her inspiration from Mexican folk art.

Answer: Rayonism

Rayonism was started in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. It was the brain child of two Russian artists Mikhail Larionov and Natalia Goncharova who took their inspiration from the Cubist and Futurism art movements. It was the first example of near-abstract art work in Russia.

The movement was launched at The Target exhibition in Moscow in 1913. Although the movement was short-lived it was a very important step in the development of Russian abstract art.