By Hook or By Crook Trivia Quiz

Answer: Eero Saarinen

Eero Saarinen (1910-1961) was the son of another renowned Finnish architect,
Eliel Saarinen. He designed a number of different creative chairs at the beginning of his career, such as "Pedestal" and "Womb Chair, Model No. 70". Some of Saarinen's major projects included several corporate buildings, including the television network CBS, technology company IBM, and the terminal at John F. Kennedy Airport in New York for Trans World Airlines (TWA). Saarinen also designed the Gateway Arch in Saint Louis, Missouri, part of the Gateway Arch National Park.

Answer: Renzo Piano

Renzo Piano, born in 1937 in Genoa, Italy, studied at the Milan Polytechnic University, and became a teacher in the institution shortly after graduation. He has designed, built, and overseen more than 30 projects in his lifetime, some of the most famous ones being the Centre Pompidou in Paris, France (a building that is home to several art exhibits and a public library, built in collaboration with Richard Rogers and Gianfranco Franchini), the Whitney Museum of American Art located in New York City, and The Shard, a controversial skyscraper in London.

He has been the recipient of several prestigious awards, including the Pritzker Prize and an appointment as Senator for Life by Italian president Giorgio Napolitano, as well as a mention in TIME's list of most influential people in 2006.

Answer: Mies Van der Rohe

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe (1886-1969) was one of the strongest proponents of the motto "less is more" in architecture, which is part of the larger art movement known as "minimalism." His talent was enough to land him several commissions, as he did not receive formal college education. Van der Rohe fled Germany in 1937, since the Nazi government was not welcoming of his art. Upon arriving in the United States, he became the head of the Illinois Institute of Technology's architecture program, in Chicago.

While in the U.S., he built landmarks like the Farnsworth House and the Seagram Building. He is also known for some of his earlier works before leaving Europe, such as the Barcelona Pavilion, which was completed in 1929.

Answer: Frank Gehry

Frank Gehry was born in Toronto in 1929. He graduated from the University of Southern California, but also went on to study city planning at the Harvard Graduate School of Design. Gehry has designed buildings all over the world, in cities including Paris, Miami, New York, Prague, Hanover, and Sydney. One of his most famous works is the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao, a modern and contemporary art museum in the city of Bilbao, Spain.

At the time, this was one of the most influential architectural works, even leading to the creation of the term "Bilbao effect" after the success of the building in terms of revitalizing cities like Bilbao.

Answer: Gaudi

Antoni Gaudi (1852-1926) was a talented architect, who was an important representative of the Modernisme movement. One of his most famous projects is Park Guell, a public park named after entrepreneur Eusebi Guell, who was an early supporter of Gaudi.

He is also well-known for the Sagrada Familia church, a project Gaudi worked on until his death. The building has been an important part of the city of Barcelona, and is a popular tourist destination. One of the things that makes it attractive is that the project was so ambitious that it was not completed during Gaudi's lifetime or in the many years after that.

The circumstances of Gaudi's death were tragic, as he was struck by a train and died in the hospital shortly afterwards.

Answer: Philip Johnson

Philip Johnson (1906-2005) was an influential architect born in Cleveland, Ohio. He had a close relationship with German architect Ludwig Mies van der Rohe throughout his life. He was enlisted to the U.S. Army during World War II, but completed his service inside the country.

In 1949, he designed what would be one of his most important works: the Glass House. Located in New Canaan, Connecticut, the Glass House was used as his own residence, and it is where he died in 2005. Other notable projects of Johnson include the Seagram Building, the Lipstick Building, and the Gate of Europe towers in Spain.

Answer: Santiago Calatrava

Santiago Calatrava was born in 1951 in Valencia, Spain. He has obtained degrees from higher education institutions like the Polytechnic University of Valencia and the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology. Since then, he has designed multiple structures in his home country and around the world.

He has built several bridges, such as the Bac de Roda Bridge in Barcelona, the Lusitania Bridge in Merida, Spain, and the Puente del Alamillo in Seville. Calatrava also designed the Bilbao Airport, the Velodrome for the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece, and the new World Trade Center Transportation Hub in New York, which was controversial because of its extremely high cost, the delays in construction, and the extravagant design.

Answer: Frank Lloyd Wright

Frank Lloyd Wright (1867-1959) is one of the best-known American architects. He was an extremely important figure in the Prairie School movement, and designed a wide variety of private houses for many different people. His most famous one was the Fallingwater house in Pennsylvania, designed and built for Edgar J. and Liliane Kaufmann. Edgar ran the Kaufmann's department store, which went defunct in 2006 after being acquired by Macy's.

Another of Wright's most recognized works is the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum in New York City. Wright won many awards throughout his life, including the Royal Institute of British Architects Gold Medal and the American Institute of Architects Gold Medal.

Answer: Norman Foster

Norman Foster, Baron Foster of Thames Bank, was born in Stockport, England in 1935. Foster leads the international studio Foster + Partners, based in London, since its establishment as Foster Associates in 1967. Foster has designed and completed a large number of projects, including the Willis building (originally named Willis Faber and Dumas Headquarters), the new Wembley Stadium (which opened in 2007) and The Gherkin, an iconic skyscraper in London's financial district.

The building acquired the nickname because of its similarity in shape to the gherkin variety of cucumber.

Answer: Richard Rogers

Richard Rogers, Baron Rogers of Riverside, is a British architect born in Florence, Italy in 1933. Rogers attended several educational institutions, including Yale University, where he got a masters degree in architecture and met fellow British architect Norman Foster. One of Rogers' best known projects is the Pompidou Centre, which he designed in collaboration with Italian architects Renzo Piano and Gianfranco Franchini.

After 1977, when the Richard Rogers Partnership was established, many other projects were born, such as Lloyd's building (built for insurance company Lloyd's of London) and the Millennium Dome, which was used as the home of the "Millennium Experience" exhibit.