Kickstart My i-Heart Trivia Quiz

Answer: Chambers and valves

Song: "Open Your Heart" by Madonna The human heart weighs between 200 and 400 grams and beats an average 100,000 times a day. The heart is comprised of four chambers. The upper chambers are called the left and right atria, and the lower chambers are called the left and right ventricles.

A thick muscular wall, called the septum, divides the left and right sides of the heart. The heart also contains four valves. The tricuspid valve regulates blood flow between the right atrium and right ventricle.

The pulmonary valve controls blood flow from the right ventricle into the pulmonary arteries. The mitral valve lets blood from the lungs pass from the left atrium into the left ventricle. The aortic valve allows the oxygen-rich blood to pass from the left ventricle into the aorta where it is sent to the rest of the body.

Answer: Cardiomyopathy

Song: "Harden My Heart" by Quarterflash
Cardiomyopathy refers to diseases of the heart muscle that damage it and cause it to enlarge. The heart walls may become thicker, more rigid, or weaker than normal. The three most common types of cardiomyopathy are:

Dilated cardiomyopathy - the heart cavity is stretched and weakened and cannot pump blood efficiently.
Restricted cardiomyopathy - the heart muscle of the ventricles becomes rigid and makes it difficult for the ventricles to fill with blood.
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy - the muscle mass of the left ventricle thickens. This makes it difficult for the blood to leave the heart, and forces it to work much harder.

Answer: Dacron polyester, plastic and aluminum

Song: "Heart of Glass" by Blondie The first permanent artificial heart was invented by Dr. Robert Koffler Jarvik, and implanted into Barney Clark in 1982. Clark volunteered to undergo the revolutionary procedure because he wanted to make a contribution to medical science.

He exceeded expectations and lived for 112 days with the Jarvik 7. The second patient to receive the implant survived, despite some complications, for 620 days. After the first five implants, the Jarvik 7 began use as a bridge to patients awaiting heart transplants. Various types of artificial hearts have been designed and implemented since 1982, including a modernized version of the Jarvik 7.

Answer: Angina

Song: "It's a Heartache" by Bonnie Tyler (original version by Juice Newton)
Angina is the most common symptom of coronary artery disease. It is chest pain caused by a lack of oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle. To continue pumping blood to the body, the heart compensates by using stored energy. The by-product of this less efficient fuel is lactic acid which builds up in the heart and causes pain. Angina is usually felt in the chest, but may also be felt in the shoulders, arms, neck, throat, jaw, or back.

Answer: Myocardial infarction

Song: "Heart Attack" by Olivia Newton-John
A myocardial infarction, or MI, occurs when a blood vessel feeding the heart becomes blocked and prevents an adequate supply of oxygen to the heart. Part of the muscle dies or is permanently damaged. While some myocardial infarctions are silent, typical symptoms include sudden chest pain, nausea, sweating, shortness of breath and anxiety. It is a serious medical problem that requires immediate attention.

Answer: Broken Heart Syndrome

Song: "Heartbreaker" by Pat Benatar Broken heart syndrome, also known as stress cardiomyopathy, is a temporary condition of the heart brought on by extreme stress, such as the death of a loved one. It is sometimes misdiagnosed as a heart attack when, in fact, it is the heart responding to a days-long surge in adrenalin and other hormones.

These hormones, their breakdown products, and other small bits of protein are temporarily toxic to the heart. Basically the muscle gets stunned and produces symptoms similar to a heart attack -- chest pain, shortness of breath and heart failure.

The good news is that the symptoms are temporary, there is no permanent damage to the heart, and recovery takes about a week.

Answer: Heart murmur

Song: "Listen to Your Heart" by Roxette
A heart murmur is a sound the heart makes in addition to its usual "lub-dub" sound. This extra sound can be heard with a stethoscope as a whoosh, hum or rasp. There are two types of heart murmurs, innocent and abnormal. Innocent heart murmurs occur in normal hearts and are nothing to be concerned with. When found in children they often disappear as they grow older. Abnormal heart murmurs indicate symptoms of congenital heart disease or valve problems.

Answer: Coronary artery bypass graft

Song: "How Can You Mend a Broken Heart?" by the Bee Gees Coronary artery bypass surgery (aka GABG) reroutes blood around clogged arteries to increase blood flow and oxygen to the heart. This is done when arteries leading to the heart become partially or completely blocked with plaque, leading to chest pain or a heart attack.

A piece of vein or artery from elsewhere in the body is grafted to the coronary artery to bypass the area that is narrowed. One or more bypasses may be done during surgery. Two different techniques are used in the surgery, one with a heart-lung machine (pump oxygenator) and, more recently, one without a pump oxygenator where the heart is kept beating.

Answer: Sinoatrial node

Song: "Groove is in the Heart" by Deee-Lite
The sinoatrial node, or sinus node, is a specialized cluster of nerve cells located in the upper part of the right atrium of the heart. Known as the body's natural pacemaker, it produces electrical impulses at regular intervals and controls the heart rate. A healthy resting heart will beat about 60-70 times per minute.

Answer: Asystole

Song: "Heartbeat" by Don Johnson
Asystole is the absence of a heartbeat where the heart is at a complete standstill. There is no cardiac output or electrical activity. Resuscitation is likely only if the cause for asystole is secondary to an event that can be corrected immediately (such as unblocking an airway where the patient can be rapidly reoxygenated). After several seconds of true asystole the patient will be unconscious and unresponsive. It eventually occurs in all dying patients.
There is good news for Don Johnson. He was "looking for a heartbeat, beating like mine." No one was actually asystole.