1. This aircraft was conceived as the United Kingdom's postwar stand-off nuclear deterrent.
From Quiz A Selection of 20th-Century Experimental Aircraft
Answer:
TSR2
The TSR, Tactical Strike and Reconnaissance, project was carried out under the British government's General Operational Requirement No339 and was a development led by BAC, the British Aircraft Corporation. Running for nine years between 1957 and 1965, the project was cancelled after a total expenditure of over £430 million, an enormous sum of money at that time. The reasons for the cancellation of the project have been debated for decades, some fact and some conspiracy, but whatever the reasons for the termination of the TSR2, it is a modern aircraft that became a legend in its brief lifetime.
The TSR2 flew for the first time on the 27th of September 1964 but, after a series of just twenty-four test flights and the project becoming mired in spiralling development costs, the government announced the cancellation of the project in the budget speech on the 6th of April 1965; apparently, as with all government projects, all tooling and part-completed airframes were to be destroyed shortly after the announcement leaving very few project artefacts.
Only two examples of TSR2 exist today; one complete aircraft, number XR220, housed at the RAF Museum Cosford in Shropshire and a partially complete example, XR222, which is displayed at the Imperial War Museum, Duxford in Cambridgeshire.