Quiz Answer Key and Fun Facts
1. This man had to flee to the USA in 1791 from England when his books on chemistry caused an uproar. He founded not only English Unitarianism, but helped found the modern basis of chemistry by discovering oxygen and explaining photosynthesis.
2. This French chemist was a leader in research of catalysis. His 1912 Nobel Prize for chemistry with Victor Grignard was for discovering catalytic hydrogenation, which is used to make finely divided metals such as nickel, copper, and iron.
3. This man was a Swedish chemist, inventor, and industrialist who invented dynamite. Among his 355 patents were blasting gelatin, smokeless powder ballistite, and organic packing material which absorbed the liquid in nitroglycerin.
4. In 1860, this chemist discovered the concept of critical temperature. He also wrote his own textbook series, "Principles of Chemistry", in Russian, English, French, and German, yet he most well known for creating the periodic table.
5. Considered one of the greatest experimentalists who has ever lived, this English chemist and physicist is best known for his experiments dealing with electricity and magnetism. He has his own laws of electrolysis and tells about his work in chemistry (such as discovering two chlorides of carbon and succeeding in liquefying chlorine and other gases) in his 1858 work, "Experimental Researches in Chemistry and Physics."
6. This man is best known for developing the concept of atoms into a scientific theory which became the foundation for modern chemistry. He expressed his atomic theory in his 1803 work, "New System of Chemical Philosophy."
7. This American was awarded the 1934 Nobel Prize for chemistry for discovering the element deuterium, which is heavy hydrogen. With his experience in isotope separation, he was brought into the Manhattan Project to develop an atomic bomb, but later spoke out against the misuse of nuclear energy.
8. This Italian laid the foundations of modern chemistry with his analysis of experimental atomic weight determinations. In 1811, he showed that the application of Avogadro's law could yield atomic weights.
9. This Frenchman was famous for his work in chemistry where he influenced Jacques Charles' law which states that all gases expand by equal amounts when subjected to equal increments in temperature. Amedeo Avogadro used this man's skill to formulate Avogadro's number.
10. This French man discovered no new elements or laws, but was a founder of modern chemistry with his 1789 book, "Elements of Chemistry." He proposed a new system of chemistry that was based on a modern concept of chemical elements which made more extensive use of the conservation of mass in chemical reactions.
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