2. In 1120, while providing transport for William Ætheling, the heir to the English throne, the White Ship was wrecked just off Barfleur, killing all but one of the people on board. Whose heir was William Ætheling?
From Quiz Sinkings, Shipwrecks and Strange Occurrences
Answer:
Henry I
In November 1120, King Henry I and his retinue, which included his son and heir William Ætheling, were returning to England following a visit to Normandy, the territory in France that formed the other major part of the king's dominions. The king was offered the use of the White Ship, one of the fastest and most modern vessels in England at the time, for the journey back to England by its captain, Thomas FitzStephen. Although the king had made other arrangements, he allowed his son William Ætheling, plus a number of his other (illegitimate) children, and other members of his household, to use the White Ship to return to England. At the request of the crew, William Ætheling supplied copious amounts of wine before the ship sailed. As the ship put to sea, the crew was encouraged to overtake the king's ship, which had already sailed. However, the White Ship set off in the dark and, just after sailing, struck a submerged rock, which was a known hazard in the area. The ship quickly capsized, although William Ætheling was able to reach the one lifeboat. However, he heard the cries of his half-sister and tried returning to save her. The boat ended up being swamped by others trying to save themselves, and led to William Ætheling being drowned. William Ætheling was one of an estimated 300 deaths on the White Ship, with the sole survivor being a man named Berold, a butcher from the city of Rouen.